Identification of tamoxifen and metabolites in human male urine by GC/MS

Mihailescu, Ruxandra; Aboul‐Enein, Hassan Y.; Efstatide, M. D.

doi:10.1002/1099-0801(200005)14:3<180::aid-bmc958>3.0.co;2-t

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The C 18 column was used, and the mobile phase was 70% phosphate buffer (0.01 M; pH 7.0) and 30% acetonitrile (v/v). For the measurement of TAM, the analytical method was adapted from Mihailescu et al (2000). The water samples were extracted using SPE and eluted with methanol.…”

Section: Analytical Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of binary mixtures of estrogen and antiestrogens on Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

2009

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a b s t r a c tIt is supposed that the estrogenic effects of estrogenic chemicals will be balanced by the presence of other endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with different properties. However, little convincing research into this issue has been carried out to date. In the present study, the combined effects of EDCs with estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities were assessed using a 21-day reproduction assay with the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) as an in vivo model. Natural estrogen (17␤-estradiol, E2) and the pharmaceutical substances letrozole and tamoxifen, which are both model antiestrogens, were tested as reference compounds individually and in combination. Exposure to E2 (200 ng/L) alone resulted in significant biological changes in paired fish, including impaired reproductive capacity and plasma vitellogenin induction. Upon coexposure with tamoxifen or letrozole (10, 50 and 250 g/L), the effects of estrogen on some biomarkers (e.g., plasma vitellogenin concentration) could be neutralized to some extent, but the impairments in reproductive performance were hardly ameliorated or even became more severe. Since reproductive performance is a more holistic parameter with population-level relevance, the possibility that the effects of estrogenic chemicals can be cancelled out by the presence of antiestrogens in aquatic organisms should be questioned. Our observations also illustrate the importance of considering multiple endpoints at different biological levels of organisms for accurate and adequate assessment of the integrated effects of EDCs, especially in environmentally relevant exposure situations.

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Section: Analytical Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of binary mixtures of estrogen and antiestrogens on Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

2009

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“…For the separation of ions, formed upon ionization, various techniques are used such as a single quadrupole mass spectrometer [36,46,47,59], a quadrupole-time-of-flight [61][62][63], a triple quadrupole [4,17,31,43,44,53,55,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70], an ion trap [3,35,71], a triple quadrupole-ion trap [26,72], a time of flight instrument [23] or a sector instrument [28,[48][49][50]52]. Electron impact ionization (EI) is a widely used ionization method particularly for gases and volatile organic molecules.…”

Section: Mass Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SPE is suitable for many analytes with various properties. A wide range of reversed-phase SPE cartridges and solvents were used for the determination of tamoxifen metabolites (Tables 2-4), including: Oasis HLB [26], CN-propyl Silica [27], Bond Elut [28][29][30], XAD-2 resin [31] and Sep-Pak cartridges [32].…”

Section: Sample Pretreatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioanalytical methods for determination of tamoxifen and its phase I metabolites: A review

Teunissen

Rosing

Schinkel

et al. 2010

Analytica Chimica Acta

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“…Analytical techniques applied in the determination of TAM has been well documented, including TLC [30], GC [31,32], HPLC [33][34][35], CE [36][37][38], GC-MS [39], LC-MS [40,41] and CE-MS [42]. Additionally, some electrochemical methods such as voltammetry [43] have also been reported for TAM analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Determination of Tamoxifen in Biological Fluids Using Hollow Fiber Liquid-Phase Microextraction Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detection

Kashtiaray¹,

Farahani²,

Farhadi³

et al. 2011

AJAC

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The applicability of hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) was evaluated for the extraction and determination of tamoxifen (TAM) in biological fluids including human urine and plasma. The drug was extracted from a 15 mL aqueous sample (source phase; SP) into an organic phase impregnated in the pores of the hollow fiber (membrane phase; MP) followed by the back-extraction into a second aqueous solution (receiving phase; RP) located in the lumen of the hollow fiber. The effects of several factors such as the nature of organic solvent, compositions of SP and RP solutions, extraction time, ionic strength and stirring rate on the extraction efficiency were examined and optimized. An enrichment factor of 360 along with substantial sample clean up was obtained under the optimized conditions. The calibration curve showed linearity in the range of 1 -500 ng·mL -1 and the limit of detection was found to be 0.5 ng·mL -1 in aqueous medium. A reasonable relative recovery (≥89%) and satisfactory intra-assay (3.7% -4.2%, n = 3) and inter-assay (7.5% -7.8%, n = 3) precision illustrated good performance of the analytical procedure in spiked human urine and plasma samples.

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Identification of tamoxifen and metabolites in human male urine by GC/MS

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of binary mixtures of estrogen and antiestrogens on Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Effects of binary mixtures of estrogen and antiestrogens on Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)

Bioanalytical methods for determination of tamoxifen and its phase I metabolites: A review

Trace Determination of Tamoxifen in Biological Fluids Using Hollow Fiber Liquid-Phase Microextraction Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet Detection

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