Identification of Surrogates and Correlates of Protection in Protective Immunity againstMycobacterium bovisInfection Induced in Neonatal Calves by Vaccination withM. bovisBCG Pasteur andM. bovisBCG Danish

Hope, Jayne; Thom, Michelle; McAulay, M.; Mead, E.; Vordermeier, H. M.; Clifford, Derek; Hewinson, R. Glyn; Villarreal‐Ramos, Bernardo

doi:10.1128/cvi.00543-10

Cited by 56 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…BCG Danish (batch numbers 104051C and 106052A, used in experiments 1 and 2, respectively) was purchased from Statens Serum Institut (SSI), Denmark, and reconstituted immediately prior to use in 1 ml Sauton medium. Calves were inoculated subcutaneously in the left shoulder with 0.5 ml (5 times the recommended human dose) of BCG Danish (16). This corresponds to a dose of 1 ϫ 10 6 to 4 ϫ 10 6 CFU according to the manufacturer's specifications.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detection of IFN-␥-secreting central memory T lymphocytes in cultured ELISPOT assays was previously shown to predict protection in BCG-vaccinated calves (16,36) and was used here to assess whether the detection of memory T cells (Tcm) at 12 or 24 months postvaccination was also predictive of efficacy. At 12 months (Fig.…”

Section: Vaccination With Bcgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vaccination of badgers with BCG has been deployed, on a limited basis, as a control mechanism in England since 2010. Importantly, vaccination of calves with BCG has been shown in a number of studies to induce significant protection against M. bovis infection (5,7,16,34). Following vaccination with BCG Danish (the strain of BCG licensed for human, and now badger, vaccination), significant reductions in the number of TB lesions and the bacterial burden were observed in the lungs and respiratory tract-associated lymph nodes (LN) of M. bovis-challenged calves (16, 34).…”

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Duration of Immunity against Mycobacterium bovis following Neonatal Vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Danish: Significant Protection against Infection at 12, but Not 24, Months

Thom¹,

McAulay²,

Vordermeier³

et al. 2012

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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ABSTRACTVaccination of neonatal calves withMycobacterium bovisbacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) induces a significant degree of protection against bovine tuberculosis, caused by infection with virulentM. bovis. In two independent experiments, we assessed the duration of the protective immunity induced in calves by neonatal vaccination with BCG Danish. Protection from disease was assessed at 12 and 24 months postvaccination in cattle challenged via the endotracheal route withM. bovis. We also assessed antigen-specific immune responses to assess their utility as correlates of protection. At 12 months postvaccination, significant reductions in lung and lymph node pathologies were observed compared to nonvaccinatedM. bovis-challenged control cattle. At 24 months post-BCG vaccination, there was a reduction in lung and lymph node pathology scores and in bacterial burden. However, when comparing vaccinated and control groups, this did not reach statistical significance. Vaccination induced long-lived antigen (purified protein derivative [PPD])-specific gamma interferon (IFN-γ) release in whole-blood cultures, which remained above baseline levels for more than 20 months (approximately 90 weeks). The number of antigen-specific IFN-γ-secreting central memory T cells present at the time ofM. bovischallenge was significantly higher in vaccinated than in control animals at 12 months postvaccination, but not at 24 months. Vaccination of neonatal calves with BCG Danish induced protective immune responses against bovine TB which were maintained for at least 12 months postvaccination. These studies provide data on the immunity induced by BCG vaccination in calves; the results could inform vaccination strategies for the control of bovine TB in United Kingdom cattle herds.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vaccination With Bcgmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Duration of Immunity against Mycobacterium bovis following Neonatal Vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Danish: Significant Protection against Infection at 12, but Not 24, Months

Thom¹,

McAulay²,

Vordermeier³

et al. 2012

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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“…However, we appreciated that the target population for assessing the sensitivity of the DIT would be BCG-vaccinated animals that failed to be fully protected from M. bovis infection. Although not complete in all animals, BCG vaccination does provide protection from bovine TB following M. bovis challenge, as evidenced by a reduction in (i) the absolute numbers of tuberculous lesions, (ii) the overall lesion score, and (iii) the number of viable bacteria recovered (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). It has been shown that ESAT-6-induced IFN-␥ production in experimentally infected cattle correlates positively with the degree of disease-induced pathology (12), suggesting that factors that result in limiting the degree of disease progression may Table 3]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculin Skin Testing Boosts Interferon Gamma Responses to DIVA Reagents in Mycobacterium bovis-Infected Cattle

Jones

Coad

Khatri

et al. 2017

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination sensitizes cattle to bovine tuberculin, which compromises the use of the current bovine tuberculosis (TB) surveillance tests. Although the performance of a blood test (that utilizes antigens expressed by Mycobacterium bovis but not by BCG) capable of discriminating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA interferon gamma test [DIT]) has been evaluated in naturally infected TB field reactors, there is a need to perform similar analysis in a BCG-vaccinated M. bovis-infected population. Furthermore, we explored different scenarios under which a DIT may be implemented alongside BCG vaccination: (i) serial testing to resolve potential false-positive skin test results or (ii) a standalone test to replace the single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) skin test. Our results demonstrated significantly better relative test sensitivity when the DIT was evaluated in a serial test scenario. Direct comparison of pre-and post-skin test blood samples revealed that the SICCT test induced significant boosting of the gamma interferon response in M. bovis-infected animals to both the ESAT-6 -CFP-10 and Rv3615c peptide cocktails that comprise the DIT, which persisted for the ESAT-6 -CFP-10 reagent for at least 14 days. Importantly, no similar boosting effects were observed in noninfected BCG vaccinates, suggesting that DIVA blood testing after a recent skin test would have minimal impact on test specificity.KEYWORDS blood test, bovine tuberculosis, DIVA, gamma interferon, Mycobacterium bovis, tuberculin skin test B ovine tuberculosis (TB) in cattle, caused predominantly by infection with Mycobacterium bovis, poses a significant economic animal health problem, where it has been estimated that globally the disease costs $3 billion U.S. annually (1). In Great Britain, bovine TB control measures are based on a test and cull program using the single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) skin test as a primary diagnostic test, but also under certain circumstances the whole-blood interferon gamma (IFN-␥) release assay as an ancillary test to maximize detection of M. bovis-infected cattle. Despite this, the annual number of herd breakdowns remains high in the West of England and Wales, and thus new control strategies, including cattle vaccination, are under consideration. Studies with cattle have shown that M. bovis BCG vaccination significantly protected cattle following experimental infection with M. bovis, with some animals displaying no evidence of disease pathology in either the lungs or associated lymph nodes (2-4). However, these studies also highlight that BCG is not fully protective in all vaccinated animals, and as such, should BCG vaccination be implemented as

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“…BCG vaccine has been shown to be effective when administered at relatively low doses (10 3 to 10 6 CFU) subcutaneously [39] or at higher doses (10 8 CFU) via the oral route [56], and by different daughter BCG strains (Pasteur and Danish) [57,58]. Vaccination of neonatal calves (<1 month of age) induced higher levels of protection than those vaccinated at 6 months of age [42,43].…”

Section: Vaccination With Mycobacterium Bovis Bacille Calmette-guérinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity and Vaccination against Tuberculosis in Cattle

Parlane¹,

Buddle²

2015

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

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Bovine tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major animal health problem worldwide and new tools are required for the control of this disease in cattle, particularly with the emergence of wildlife reservoirs for Mycobacterium bovis infection and potential restrictions on trade. New insights into the roles of macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells, and CD4+, CD8+, and γδ T cells in control of M. bovis infection in cattle have provided a better understanding of protective immunity against this disease. In the past two decades, considerable progress has been made in the development and evaluation of TB vaccines for cattle, with new attenuated mycobacterial vaccines providing an alternative to the use of BCG vaccine and sub-unit vaccines to boost protection induced by BCG. With the development of tests to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals, it is now feasible to use vaccines to assist in the control of this disease.

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Identification of Surrogates and Correlates of Protection in Protective Immunity againstMycobacterium bovisInfection Induced in Neonatal Calves by Vaccination withM. bovisBCG Pasteur andM. bovisBCG Danish

Abstract: Vaccination of neonatal calves with

Cited by 56 publications

References 41 publications

Duration of Immunity against Mycobacterium bovis following Neonatal Vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Danish: Significant Protection against Infection at 12, but Not 24, Months

Duration of Immunity against Mycobacterium bovis following Neonatal Vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Danish: Significant Protection against Infection at 12, but Not 24, Months

Tuberculin Skin Testing Boosts Interferon Gamma Responses to DIVA Reagents in Mycobacterium bovis-Infected Cattle

Immunity and Vaccination against Tuberculosis in Cattle

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