Identification of Surface Functional Group on Activated Carbon from Waste Sago

Abstract

Activated carbon is a powerful adsorption material which mainly used as pollutants adsorption. The adsorption properties own derived from the main functional groups or chemical atoms derived from the activation processes. In this study, the activated carbon was prepared from waste sago and activated using two different chemicals activation agents called phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide. The aim of this study was to identify the surface functional group on waste sago activated carbon produced. The results showed that activated carbon with phosphoric acid activator contained OH, C=C, CO and CH functional groups, while activated carbon with potassium hydroxide activator contained O-H, C≡C, C=C, C-O and C-H functional groups. These results lead to support the recommendations for the development of the application of waste sago activated carbon made as adsorbents in the purification of lead (II) and cadmium (II) wastewater.

Iron Adsorption in Peat Water by Sago Waste Activated Carbon

“…It is reported that 995-675 cm -1 attributed to alkenes (C-H) for SPWAC and SPWUC (Skoog et al, 1998). This is in accordance with previous research which found C-H in sago waste activated carbon with phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide activation (Togibasa et al, 2021). Carboxylic acids (R-COOH) consist of carbonyl (C=O) and hydroxyl (O-H) groups at around 1700 cm -1 and 3600-2500 cm -1 (Munajad and Subroto, 2018).…”

Surface modification of activated carbon from sago waste

“…The carbon material was prepared using a ZnCl2 activator reagent, with a surface area of more than 500 m 2 •g -1 and a relatively high carbon content at 40%. A surface chemistry study also found that the activated carbon also consists of phenol and carboxylate groups [4,10].…”

“…Activated carbon is carbonaceous material treated to increase its surface area, porosity [1,2], and oxygenated functional groups [3,4], contributing to the material's wide range of potential uses. The activated carbon would have a better adsorption capacity with the increased surface area and high porosity, which make it applicable as an adsorbent material.…”

“…The advantage of turning waste to value-added products, has triggered studies to explore more renewable and low-cost precursor material for activated carbon production. One of the most promising sources of activated carbon is made from sago waste, expanding its potential use beyond the current application as traditional food production [4,9,10]. The sago waste is full of lignocellulosic fibers, which makes them ideal to use as activated carbon precursors [11].…”