Identification of smooth muscle-derived foam cells in the atherosclerotic plaque of human aorta with monoclonal antibody IIG10

Can a Vascular Smooth Muscle–Derived Foam-Cell Really Change its Spots?

“…2 However, it has been established for many years that atherosclerotic lesions also contain abundant foam cells with a vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) identity. [3][4][5] Consistent with this, VSMCs in culture can accrue neutral lipids when challenged with hyperlipidemic serum or atherogenic lipoproteins. 6,7 See accompanying article on page 535…”

Expression of extra domain A fibronectin sequence in vascular smooth muscle cells is phenotype dependent.

“…Mouse mAb 4.29.AB raised against human pFN and cross reacting with different mammalian FN was kindly provided by Dr. M. Chemousov (Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Cardiology Research Center, Moscow, USSR). For staining of rat aorta sections ascites fluid was diluted 1:100. mAb IIG10, raised against cultured human aortic SMCs, recognizes a surface antigen of SMCs and fibroblasts; endothelial cells, macrophages/ monocytes, peripheral blood lymphocytes, etc., were shown to be IIG10 negative (19). The IgM fraction purified from ascites fluid was diluted to 50 #g/ml for immunostaining.…”

Oxidized low‐density lipoprotein in inflammation‐driven thrombosis

“…aggregates [32] Monocyte migration [32] Monocyte adhesion [22] β 1 integrin [41] P-selectin [42] TFPI [43] Thrombomodulin [44] Metalloproteinase [46] Angiogenesis [46,47] Foam cell formation [49] Foam cell formation [57] Membrane fluidity [71] CD11b/CD18 [71] NETosis [73] Chemotaxis [51] Proliferation [52] Phenotypic switch [53] Active TF [54,55] Foam cell formation [32] THROMBO-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS…”

“…Inflammatory stimuli lead to VSMC activation and the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases. Furthermore, similarly to macrophages, SMCs can transform into foam cells [49].…”