Identification of Skulls by Video Superimposition

Iten, Peter X.

doi:10.1520/jfs12340j

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The technique of superimposition as a means of identification has a long history (Grüner et al, 1959;Grüner, 1993). photographic and video superimposition has proven to be very successful in the identification of unknown individuals and the courts have accepted identifications made by this technique as reliable (Chandra Sekharan, 1971;Colonna et al, 1980;Cai and Lan, 1982;Dorion,1983;Robert, 1983;Bassian et al, 1986;Iten, 1987;Cai et al, 1989;Helmer, 1989;Cai and Lan, 1993;Seta and Yoshino, 1993;Maples et al, 1994;Shahrom, 1996;Taylor and Brown, 1998;Jayaprakash et al, 2001). With the availability of current technology the process takes about one hour and can effectively demonstrate consistencies and inconsistencies between a skull and photograph used for comparison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A RARE CASE OF IDENTIFICATION AND PRESERVATION OF HUMAN REMAINS. 240 Un raro caso de identificación y preservación de restos humanos

Solla

İşcan

McCabe

2016

Rev Arg de Anat Clin

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Los estudios de casos son ideales para probar la validez de técnicas antropológicas y los estudios antropológico-forenses de casos suelen funcionar como campo de pruebas en varios tópicos de la Antropología Física. El creciente rol que ha jugado los antropólogos en las ciencias forenses ha ayudado a las disciplinas médico-legales en varios aspectos. Por ejemplo, la identificación restos óseos es ahora más segura que nunca. El propósito de éste artículo es mostrar un raro caso de preservación de tejidos blandos de los restos de una niña color que se han conservado transformándose en un molde compacto y describir las técnicas antropológicas usadas para identificar los restos. Los estudios antropológicos forenses indicaban que se trataba de los restos de una niña de color entre 10 y 12 años de edad al momento de la muerte y de 150 cms de estatura. Basados en esos datos preliminares y en la sospecha de que los restos podrían ser los de Jane Doe, víctima de una violación y posterior asesinato. Una superposición digital fue realizada usando una fotografía de la supuesta víctima y el cráneo desconocido. Los estu-dios indicaron que el cráneo hallado se correspondía de manera consistente con el individuo de la fotografía. Estos resultados fueron luego ratificados por un análisis de ADN. Por lo tanto, la Antropología Forense y sus técnicas pueden ser utilizadas en investigaciones médico-legales concretas de manera muy satisfactoria. Case studies are ideal to test the validity of anthropological techniques and forensic anthropology cases function as a testing ground for this aspect of physical anthropology. The increasing role that anthropologists have played in forensic sciences has aided the medico legal disciplines in a number of ways. For example, identification of skeletal remains is now more accurate than ever before. The purpose of this paper is to show a peculiar case of rare preservation of soft tissue of a black child that formed an unique soft tissue casting and to describe anthropological techniques used to identify the remains. The anthropological analysis indicated that she was black racial affinity, between 10-12-year old and was about150 cmof stature. Based on preliminary evidence that the victim might be Jane Doe, a victim of possible rape and murder, a digital superimposition was made using one victim's photograph and the unknown skull. This examination revealed that the skull corresponded consistently with the individual in the photograph. Results were supported by a DNA analysis. Therefore, forensic anthropology techniques can be successfully used in medico-legal investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A RARE CASE OF IDENTIFICATION AND PRESERVATION OF HUMAN REMAINS. 240 Un raro caso de identificación y preservación de restos humanos

Solla

İşcan

McCabe

2016

Rev Arg de Anat Clin

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“…It is very likely, on the other hand, that acquaintances have photos of the presumed victim. The use of superimposition methods at this point becomes crucial [22][23][24] as they may be the only methods which may allow positive identification. Cranio-facial identification has some limits, as mentioned above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental superimposition: a pilot study for standardising the method

2007

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Dental superimposition is becoming more and more important because of the increasing number of illegal immigrants (at least in Italy), with no clinical history, no personal effects or relatives useful for genetic comparison, whose friends and acquaintances can usually only produce photographs. Very few authors have been involved in devising and using this method. The goal of the present study is to establish whether it is possible, and under which conditions, to identify individuals by dental superimposition of teeth visible in an ante-mortem photograph and dental casts of an unidentified body, and to develop a protocol for the spatial orientation analysis of the dentition and qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of superimpositions. A non-mathematical scoring system has been applied to each superimposition as a first step towards the optimisation of a cheap, quick, semi-quantitative method of identifying individuals when other more used methods are not applicable.

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“…Contrarily, freedom to arbitrarily manipulate the skull image forward and backward would be restrained when following the foundational standard in superimposition, which prescribes the use of anatomical points lying on two different planes of the face image to serve as registration points to align with homologous points in the skull image: the outer angle of the eye on the frontal plane and the other, the tragus on the rear plane of the face image to align with the respective anatomically related points in the skull image viz. Whitnall's tubercle in the orbit on the frontal plane and the auditory meatus on the rear plane (2,9,10,14,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). A recent experiment that compared the generation of false-positive matches when applying two different methods for orientating skull images-one relying on the frontal plane landmarks alone and the other that also included the tragus-auditory meatus relationship-confirmed that mere reliance on the frontal plane landmarks increases false positives during superimposition such as one skull image matching with five face images of living individuals (10).…”

Section: Issues In Orientating 3d Skull Images Merely Relying On Fronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaudio D, Olivieri L, De Angelis D, Poppa P, Galassi A, Cattaneo C. Reliability of craniofacial superimposition using three‐dimension skull model. J Forensic Sci 2016; 61(1):5–11

Jayaprakash¹,

Hadi²,

Srinivasan

et al. 2016

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Identification of Skulls by Video Superimposition

Cited by 40 publications

References 4 publications

A RARE CASE OF IDENTIFICATION AND PRESERVATION OF HUMAN REMAINS. 240 Un raro caso de identificación y preservación de restos humanos

A RARE CASE OF IDENTIFICATION AND PRESERVATION OF HUMAN REMAINS. 240 Un raro caso de identificación y preservación de restos humanos

Dental superimposition: a pilot study for standardising the method

Gaudio D, Olivieri L, De Angelis D, Poppa P, Galassi A, Cattaneo C. Reliability of craniofacial superimposition using three‐dimension skull model. J Forensic Sci 2016; 61(1):5–11

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