Identification of Shiga-Toxin-Producing Shigella Infections in Travel and Non-Travel Related Cases in Alberta, Canada

Zhi, Shuai; Parsons, Brendon; Szelewicki, Jonas; Yuen, Yue T K; Fach, Patrick; Delannoy, Sabine; Li, Vincent; Ferrato, Christina; Freedman, Stephen B.; Lee, Bonita E.; Pang, Xiaoli; Chui, Linda

doi:10.3390/toxins13110755

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…The likely contributory factors to FBDOs which the systematic mapping identified were the consumption of unsafe food and water. The primary studies support the findings of this systematic mapping by providing specific evidence of etiological agent related to the cases under investigation (Gray et al, 2015;Gupta et al, 2007;do Prado et al, 2021;Zhi et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Systematic mapping of food safety outbreaks in the hospitality sector in the Dominican Republic

Oleo

McIntyre

Randall

et al. 2022

BFJ

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PurposeThe hospitality sector underpins the Dominican Republic's (DR) economy but may be a setting where foodborne disease outbreaks (FBDOs) can occur. The purpose of this research is to conduct a systematic mapping exercise on the available scientific literature related to FBDOs in hospitality in the DR and their link to reported food safety and hygienic practices.Design/methodology/approachA predefined search protocol applied the principles of PRISMA guidance. Publications (n = 2,793) from databases (e.g. Web of Science, PubMed) were identified and systematically selected for relevance. A full-text assessment based on the inclusion criteria led to the identification of a refined list of studies and academic publications (n = 22) included in this review. The descriptive analysis of the collated data is then presented graphically.FindingsA low rate of reporting highlights a knowledge gap on FBDOs, the related food safety hazards and how they are mitigated by stakeholders and local health authorities in the DR. Improving government and other stakeholder capacity to report, investigate and understand FBDOs and the practices involved is essential.Research limitations/implicationsThe research has implications for Government, businesses and public health officials and managers in the hospitality sector in the DR. A potential research limitation is that the search strategies could miss some relevant articles.Practical implicationsThe findings provide a framing for improved risk analysis in implementing food safety management strategies for FBDOs.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first systematic mapping research assessing evidence of FBDOs affecting hospitality in the DR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Systematic mapping of food safety outbreaks in the hospitality sector in the Dominican Republic

Oleo

McIntyre

Randall

et al. 2022

BFJ

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“…Later, in a surveillance study for the presence of Stx in S. sonnei, Lamba et al [59] identified 56 cases of infection caused by Stx1-positive S. sonnei strains, among which 71% of patients presented with bloody diarrhea. In recent years, Shiga toxin has also been frequently reported in S. flexneri, with most cases related to travel and/or residency in the Carribean (i.e., Haiti and Dominican Republic), with the identified Stx toxins belonging to the stx 1a subtype [60,68].…”

Section: Shigella Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Shiga Toxin Subtypes and Their Niche-Related Distribution Characteristics in Shiga-Toxin-Producing E. coli and Other Bacterial Hosts

Wang,

Yu,

Chui

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

Self Cite

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Shiga toxin (Stx), the main virulence factor of Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), was first discovered in Shigella dysenteriae strains. While several other bacterial species have since been reported to produce Stx, STEC poses the most significant risk to human health due to its widespread prevalence across various animal hosts that have close contact with human populations. Based on its biochemical and molecular characteristics, Shiga toxin can be grouped into two types, Stx1 and Stx2, among which a variety of variants and subtypes have been identified in various bacteria and host species. Interestingly, the different Stx subtypes appear to vary in their host distribution characteristics and in the severity of diseases that they are associated with. As such, this review provides a comprehensive overview on the bacterial species that have been recorded to possess stx genes to date, with a specific focus on the various Stx subtype variants discovered in STEC, their prevalence in certain host species, and their disease-related characteristics. This review provides a better understanding of the Stx subtypes and highlights the need for rapid and accurate approaches to toxin subtyping for the proper evaluation of the health risks associated with Shiga-toxin-related bacterial food contamination and human infections.

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“…), triggering the HUS, making the role of empirical antibiotics uncertain in patients presenting with bloody diarrhoea. 96,131,132 Salmonella spp. Outbreaks of sexually transmitted S. Typhi have been reported in small clusters of MSM in the United States, however, their role in sexually transmited proctocolitis is likely to be small.…”

Section: Discuss With Microbiology or Parasitologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), triggering the HUS, making the role of empirical antibiotics uncertain in patients presenting with bloody diarrhoea. 96,131,132…”

Section: Procto-colitismentioning

confidence: 99%

British Association of Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) United Kingdom national guideline for the management of sexually transmitted enteric infections 2023

Richardson,

Pakianathan,

Ewens

et al. 2023

Int J STD AIDS

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This is the first British Association of Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) national guideline for the management of sexually transmitted enteric infections (STEI). This guideline is primarily aimed for level 3 sexual health clinics; however, it may also be applicable to other settings such as primary care or other hospital departments where individuals with STEI may present. This guideline makes recommendations on testing, management, partner notification and public health control of STEI.

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Identification of Shiga-Toxin-Producing Shigella Infections in Travel and Non-Travel Related Cases in Alberta, Canada

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Systematic mapping of food safety outbreaks in the hospitality sector in the Dominican Republic

Systematic mapping of food safety outbreaks in the hospitality sector in the Dominican Republic

A Comprehensive Review on Shiga Toxin Subtypes and Their Niche-Related Distribution Characteristics in Shiga-Toxin-Producing E. coli and Other Bacterial Hosts

British Association of Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) United Kingdom national guideline for the management of sexually transmitted enteric infections 2023

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