Identification of serum exosomal lncRNA MIAT as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer

Abstract

Background Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) MIAT is significantly upregulated in many cancer types including gastric cancer (GC). However, the potential clinical significance of serum exosomal MIAT in GC is unknown. Methods In this study, a total of 109 GC patients, 48 gastric adenoma patients, and 50 healthy individuals were recruited. Serum exosomal MIAT levels were detected in all participants using quantitative real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Results The exosomes we extracted from the serum samples were positive for TSG101, CD63, and Flotillin‐1, which were known exosome markers. Serum exosomal MIAT levels were significantly higher in GC patients than in gastric adenoma patients and healthy controls. Interestingly, gastric adenoma patients with higher serum exosomal MIAT expression were more prone to develop GC. In addition, serum exosomal MIAT levels were significantly decreased in post‐treatment blood samples compared to pre‐treatment samples, while markedly increased in the cases suffering recurrence. Moreover, serum exosomal MIAT upregulation was significantly associated with worse clinical variables and shorter survival. Furthermore, serum exosomal MIAT was identified as an independent prognostic factor for GC. Conclusions Collectively, serum exosomal lncRNA MIAT might serve as a promising novel biomarker for monitoring the progression of GC.

Competing Endogenous RNAs, Non-Coding RNAs and Diseases: An Intertwined Story

“…New observations have emerged in the control of immune checkpoint molecules: through hsa-miR-150-5p sponge interaction, lncRNA-MIAT, together with HLA complex P5 ( HCP5 ), has been associated with the up-regulated expression of PD-L1/CD274 , suggesting new involvements in the field of tumor immunity and immunotherapy [ 123 ]. Independently from the ceRNA mechanism, the same lnc-RNA MIAT molecules were characterized as oncogenic in esophageal cancer, as they promote cell invasion and migration by interacting with histone methyltransferase mixed-lineage leukemia ( MLL ) proteins [ 200 ] and, moreover, in gastric cancer, they have been linked to the prognosis and survival predictions: for instance, high MIAT level in serum exosomal characterizes patients as more prone to develop gastric cancer and its up-regulation is associated with shorter survival periods and represents an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer [ 201 ].…”

Identification of a Prognostic Colorectal Cancer Model Including LncRNA FOXP4-AS1 and LncRNA BBOX1-AS1 Based on Bioinformatics Analysis

“…23 LncRNAs can be used to identify cancers, provide prognostic value for cancers, and inform therapeutic options for cancer patients. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Some abnormally expressed lncRNAs in CRC are closely related to cancer progression.…”

Circulating exosomal long non‐coding RNAs in patients with acute myocardial infarction

“…[20][21][22] Previous studies have demonstrated that exosomal ncRNAs could serve as diagnostic biomarkers in various tumour and cardiovascular diseases. 20,[22][23][24] distinguishing metastatic from non-metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). 23 Besides, the combination of miR-320d and carcinoembryonic antigen had an AUC of 0.804 for the diagnosis of patients with metastatic CRC.…”