Identification of Serotypes of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida from pneumonic cases of sheep and goats and their antimicrobial sensitivity profiles in Borana and Arsi zones, Ethiopia

Abstract

Respiratory diseases caused by M. haemolytica and P. multocida have been known to result in a considerable loss due to mortality and reduced production. This study aimed at isolation and identification of M. haemolytica and P. multocida associated with pneumonic pasteurellosis in sheep and goats using bacteriological and molecular techniques. Identification of serotypes of M. haemolytica and P. multocida was done using indirect haemagglutination test (IHAT). The in vitro antimicrobial sensitivity profiles of the M. haemolytica were tested using standard disk diffusion method. A total of 52 and 78 nasal swabs were collected from pneumonic cases for bacterial isolation and identification in Borana and Arsi zone, respectively. Four hundred sera samples were collected for identification of serotypes. The results showed that 17 of 52 (32.69%; 95% CI: 20.33, 47.11) nasal swabs collected from pneumonic animals in Borana yielded positive results for Pasteurella / Mannheimia species, 13 (25.00%; 95% CI: 14.03, 38.95) of which were M. haemolytica. None of the samples yielded P. multocida. Twenty-three of 78 (29.49%; 95% CI: 19.69, 40.89) nasal swabs collected from pneumonic animals yielded positive results for M. haemolytica (17) and P. multocida (6). Secondary biochemical characterization revealed that 14 of the 17 isolates conform to M. haemolytica whereas none of the 6 isolates suspected to be P. mutocida were confirmed. Eleven (84.62%) isolates from Borana and 4 (28.57%) from Arsi were confirmed to be M. haemolytica using PCR targeting the Rpt2 genes. None of the isolates with cultural and morphological features of P. multocida gave positive results by molecular assay. Serological assay identified three serotypes of M. haemolytica namely A1, A2 and A7 almost in all of the samples whereas P. multocida serotype A was detected in 78.75% of the samples. The M. haemolytica isolates tested for susceptibility to antibiotics showed resistance against Bacitracin (83.33%) and Penicillin (50.00%) while were found susceptible to Gentamycin, Chloramphenicol and Sulfamethoxazole (100%) and Tetracycline (83.33%). In conclusion, the results of the present study revealed the association of M. haemolytica with pneumonic pasteurellosis in sheep and goats and can be of use in vaccine development in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, further investigations and continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and appropriate selection and prudent use of antimicrobials in livestock sector are required.

Isolation and Identification of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheim Hemolytica from Pneumonic Small Ruminants in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia

“…In support of our findings, Marru et al 2013 andMuktar et al 2017 reported Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline to be the drugs of choice in the treatment of pasteurellosis. M. haemolytica and P. multocida, on the other hand, showed resistance to oxacillin, gentamycin, and penicillin G. The resistance to Penicillin revealed in this investigation is consistent with the studies of (Marru et al, 2013, El-Seedy et al, 2019, and Girma et al, 2023, demonstrating the widespread use of this antibiotic in veterinary Penicillin is an essential antibiotic that has long been used in livestock (Vasseur et al, 2017).…”

Pasteurellosis in small ruminants and its epidemiology, prevention and control: A brief review

“…In Ethiopia overall Pasteurella species were found in 25%, Mannheimia haemolytica in 87.5% and Pasteurella multocida in 12.5% of apparently healthy sheep (Marru et al, 2013): pasteurellosis was found in 32.7% of goats (Girma et al, 2023). In India Mannheimia haemolytica was found in 55.3%, and Pasteurella multocida in 7.9% of affected lungs of sheep (Sahay et al, 2020), and in 22.8% (Puvarajan et al, 2020) and 58.1% (Makwana et al, 2022) Pasteurella spp.…”