Identification of recent HIV-1 infection among newly diagnosed cases in Catalonia, Spain (2006-08)

Romero, Anabel; González, Victoria; Esteve, Anna; Martró, Elisa; Matas, Lurdes; Tural, Cristina; Pumarola, Tomás; Casanova, Aurora; Ferrer, Elena; Caballero, Estrella; Ribera, Esteban; Margall, N; Domingo, Peré; Farré, Joan; Puig, Teresa; Sauca, MªGoretti; Barrufet, Pilar; Amengual, M. J.; Navarro, Gemma; Navarro, Marı́a Luisa; Vilaró, Josep; Ortı́n, Xavier; Ortí, Amat; Pujol, Ferran; Prat, Josep Morera; Massabeu, Àngels; Simó, Josep M.; Alonso-Villaverde, Carlos; Benítez, Miguel Ángel; García, Isabel Cristina Carbonell; Dı́az, Olga; Becerra, J; Ros, Rosa; Sala, Roser; Rodrigo, Isabel; Miró, José M.; Casabona, Jordi

doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckr179

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It is therefore not surprising that the HIV incidence rate among foreign-born MSM was twice that of local MSM. Since most migrants in Catalonia come from regions of low HIV prevalence like Latin America and North Africa, most HIV infections among migrants are probably acquired locally as has been suggested by a local study of recent infections 26. In the ITACA cohort, the high incidence in foreign-born MSM mainly most of whom come from Latin America highlighting their vulnerability to HIV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

High HIV incidence among men who have sex with men attending a community-based voluntary counselling and testing service in Barcelona, Spain: results from the ITACA cohort

Ferrer

Loureiro

Meulbroek³

et al. 2015

Sex Transm Infect

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

High HIV incidence among men who have sex with men attending a community-based voluntary counselling and testing service in Barcelona, Spain: results from the ITACA cohort

Ferrer

Loureiro

Meulbroek³

et al. 2015

Sex Transm Infect

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“…MSM are also the group in Germany with the highest proportion of newly diagnosed cases of recent HIV infection, similar to other European countries which used the BED-CEIA [32, 33] or other serological tests [34, 37]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The overall proportion of recent HIV infections ranged from 23% among newly diagnosed cases in Catalonia, Spain (2006–2008) [32] to 35% in Sweden (2003–2010) [33]. However, in countries using other TRI, such as England, Northern Ireland, Wales or France, the proportion of recent HIV infections ranged between 15% [34] and 25% [35], which is lower than in those countries using the BED-CEIA for TRI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of recent HIV infections among newly diagnosed HIV cases in Germany between 2008 and 2014

Hofmann

Hauser

et al. 2017

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundThe HIV surveillance system in Germany is based on mandatory, anonymous notification of newly diagnosed HIV cases by laboratories. Because the time between HIV infection and the diagnosis of HIV varies widely between persons, it is difficult to determine the number of cases of recent HIV infection among newly diagnosed cases of HIV. In Germany, the BED-capture-enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA) has been used to distinguish between recent and long-standing HIV infection. The aim of this analysis is to report the proportion of cases of recent HIV infection among newly diagnosed cases in Germany between 2008 and 2014 and to identify factors associated with recent infections.MethodsA sample of voluntary laboratories among all HIV diagnostic laboratories was recruited. Residual blood from HIV diagnostic tests was spotted on filter paper as dried serum or dried plasma spots and was sent along with the notification form of the HIV cases. The BED-CEIA test was performed. A case was defined as recent HIV infection with a BED-CEIA test result of less than 0.8 normalized optical density, with the exclusion of CDC stage C. The proportion of recent newly diagnosed HIV infections among different groups (such as transmission groups, gender or age groups) was calculated. We used logistic regression to identify factors associated with recent HIV infection and to identify subpopulations with high proportions of recent HIV infections.ResultsApproximately 10,257 newly diagnosed cases were tested for recency using the BED-CEIA. In total, 3084 (30.4%) of those were recently infected with HIV. The highest proportion of recent HIV infections was found among men who had sex with men (MSM) (35%) and persons between 18 and 25 years of age (43.0%). Logistic regression revealed that female German intravenous drug users with a recent HIV infection had a higher chance of being detected than German MSM (OR 2.27).ConclusionsSurveillance of recent HIV infection is a useful additional tool to monitor the HIV epidemic in Germany. We could observe ongoing HIV transmission in Germany in general and in different subgroups, and we could identify factors associated with recent HIV infection in Germany.

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“…For the identification of recent infections, the test for recent infection (t.r.i.) used was BED-CEIA (modified version of the Vironostika HIV-1-1 enzyme immunoassay; bioMérieux Durham, NC, USA) (31).…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Broadly Neutralizing Activity within the First Months of HIV-1 Infection

Sánchez-Merino

Fabra-García

Gonzàlez

et al. 2016

J Virol

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A fraction of HIV-1 patients are able to generate broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) after 2 to 4 years of infection. In rare occasions such antibodies are observed close to the first year of HIV-1 infection but never within the first 6 months. In this study, we analyzed the neutralization breadth of sera from 157 antiretroviral-naive individuals who were infected for less than 1 year. A range of neutralizing activities was observed with a previously described panel IMPORTANCEThere are very few individuals able to mount broadly neutralizing activity (bNA) close to the first year postinfection. It is not known how early in the infection cross-neutralizing responses can be induced. In the present study, we show that bNAbs, despite being rare, can be induced much earlier than previously thought. The identification of HIV-1-infected patients with these activities within the first months of infection and characterization of these responses will help in defining new immunogen designs and neutralization targets for vaccine-mediated induction of bNAbs. O ne of the main challenges for the development of a preventive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine is the design of immunogens and immunization strategies that allow the induction of neutralizing antibody responses against multiple HIV-1 isolates. The main target of neutralizing antibodies is the trimeric envelope glycoprotein spike (Env). Unfortunately, when these recombinant proteins are used as immunogens, there is minimal induction of cross-reactive neutralizing antibody responses (1, 2). Despite these hurdles, high titers of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) have been found in some chronically infected patients (3, 4). Data from many studies indicate that between 10 and 25% of patient sera displayed broadly neutralizing capacity against diverse HIV-1 strains (2-5), and one large study showed that 50% of sera from chronic infection can neutralize 50% of virus strains (6). Antibody responses have been studied extensively in these chronically infected patients, new bNAbs have been isolated, and the molecular determinants recognized by these antibodies have been characterized. Although these antibodies do not protect infected patients, they exert selective pressure on the virus (7-9). On the other hand, and more importantly, passive transfer of broadly neutralizing antibodies to monkeys and humanized mice effectively protects them against chimeric simianhuman immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection and HIV infection, respectively (10-18). Additionally, promising results have been obtained in recent years with approaches based on the production of broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV and SHIV, or molecules resembling these antibodies, by adeno-associated vectors in animal models (19,20). In humans, passive transfer of bNAbs also has shown some efficacy in controlling viral replication in two recent studies, showing that passive transfer of mono-

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Identification of recent HIV-1 infection among newly diagnosed cases in Catalonia, Spain (2006-08)

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

High HIV incidence among men who have sex with men attending a community-based voluntary counselling and testing service in Barcelona, Spain: results from the ITACA cohort

High HIV incidence among men who have sex with men attending a community-based voluntary counselling and testing service in Barcelona, Spain: results from the ITACA cohort

Surveillance of recent HIV infections among newly diagnosed HIV cases in Germany between 2008 and 2014

Detection of Broadly Neutralizing Activity within the First Months of HIV-1 Infection

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