Identification of prostamides, fatty acyl ethanolamines, and their biosynthetic precursors in rabbit cornea

Urquhart, Paula; Wang, Jenny; Woodward, David F.; Nicolaou, Anna

doi:10.1194/jlr.m055772

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 62 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The presence of ECS in retina is well-documented in numerous species from fishes to primates [15,35,39,40] although it has been recently pointed out that “the biological functions of eCBs, TRPV1 and their interactions across retinal circuits remain almost entirely unknown” [41]. The evidence for 2-AG metabolic enzymes in rat retina is demonstrated here for the first time at the gene level, extending previous data on localization of DAGL and MAGL proteins during postnatal development of the rat retina [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Type-1 and Type-2 Cannabinoid Receptors by Saffron in a Rat Model of Retinal Neurodegeneration

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Experimental studies demonstrated that saffron (Crocus sativus) given as a dietary supplement counteracts the effects of bright continuous light (BCL) exposure in the albino rat retina, preserving both morphology and function and probably acting as a regulator of programmed cell death [1]. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether the neuroprotective effect of saffron on rat retina exposed to BCL is associated with a modulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). To this aim, we used eight experimental groups of Sprague-Dawley rats, of which six were exposed to BCL for 24 hours. Following retinal function evaluation, retinas were quickly removed for biochemical and morphological analyses. Rats were either saffron-prefed or intravitreally injected with selective type-1 (CB1) or type-2 (CB2) cannabinoid receptor antagonists before BCL. Prefeeding and intravitreally injections were combined in two experimental groups before BCL. BCL exposure led to enhanced gene and protein expression of retinal CB1 and CB2 without affecting the other ECS elements. This effect of BCL on CB1 and CB2 was reversed by saffron treatment. Selective CB1 and CB2 antagonists reduced photoreceptor death, preserved morphology and visual function of retina, and mitigated the outer nuclear layer (ONL) damage due to BCL. Of interest, CB2-dependent neuroprotection was more pronounced than that conferred by CB1. These data suggest that BCL modulates only distinct ECS elements like CB1 and CB2, and that saffron and cannabinoid receptors could share the same mechanism in order to afford retinal protection.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Type-1 and Type-2 Cannabinoid Receptors by Saffron in a Rat Model of Retinal Neurodegeneration

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1A), similarly to Nacylphosphatidylserine [42]. While other approaches to NAPE determination rely on either full scan, SIM, or a single SRM transition per analyte [6,7,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31], our method uses these two N-acyl specific transitions for each analyte, leading to a more selective identification and minimizing the risk of false positive results, as shown in Supporting Information Fig. S1.…”

Section: N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine Detection and Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Full scan methods [6,7,25] or single ion monitoring methods [26] can only deliver elemental compositions, with no identification of substructures such as the N-acyl chain. Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) in negative ion mode, with the carboxylate anion [27,28] or neutral loss [29,30] of the sn-2 fatty acyl chain as the product ion, is only able to identify the sn-2 fatty acyl, and further targeted tandem MS experiments are necessary to determine the Nacyl chain [31]. Positive ion mode, either with precursor scanning [32] or neutral loss scanning specific for the N-acyl chain and combined with FIA, has also been employed for NAPE detection [33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of N‐acylphosphatidylethanolamine molecular species in rat brain using solid‐phase extraction combined with reversed‐phase chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

Triebl

Weissengruber

Trötzmüller

et al. 2016

J of Separation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel method for the sensitive and selective identification and quantification of N‐acylphosphatidylethanolamine molecular species was developed. Samples were prepared using a combination of liquid–liquid and solid‐phase extraction, and intact N‐acylphosphatidylethanolamine species were determined by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to positive electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. As a result of their biological functions as precursors for N‐acylethanolamines and as signaling molecules, tissue concentrations of N‐acylphosphatidylethanolamines are very low, and their analysis is additionally hindered by the vast excess of other sample components. Our sample preparation methods are able to selectively separate the analytes of interest from any expected biological interferences. Finally, the highest selectivity is achieved by coupling chromatographic separation and two N‐acyl chain specific selected reaction monitoring scans per analyte, enabling identification of both the N‐acyl chain and the phosphatidylethanolamine moiety. The validated method is suitable for the reliable quantification of N‐acylphosphatidylethanolamine species from rat brain with a lower limit of quantification of 10 pmol/g and a linear range up to 2300 pmol/g. In total, 41 N‐acylphosphatidylethanolamine molecular species with six different N‐acyl chains, amounting to a total concentration of 3 nmol/g, were quantified.

show abstract

“…For the purpose of investigating the potential role of prostamides in other experimental pain models, the effect of a prostamide antagonist on capsaicin-induced ocular surface nociception, a pain model likely to display a prostanoid-mediated component [34,35], was employed. In this experimental setting, prostanoid F 2a is unlikely to be the nociceptive prostamide for two reasons: (i) prostamide E 2 is the only detectable prostamide in the cornea [36]; and (ii) bimatoprost, a prostamide F 2a analog, is widely used as a topical medication, but ocular pain or discomfort is rarely reported. In this experimental setting, prostanoid F 2a is unlikely to be the nociceptive prostamide for two reasons: (i) prostamide E 2 is the only detectable prostamide in the cornea [36]; and (ii) bimatoprost, a prostamide F 2a analog, is widely used as a topical medication, but ocular pain or discomfort is rarely reported.…”

Section: Biological Function and Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pharmacology of Prostaglandin F2α Ethanolamide and Bimatoprost Reveals a Unique Feedback Mechanism on Endocannabinoid Actions

Woodward¹,

Wang²

2015

The Endocannabinoidome

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Identification of prostamides, fatty acyl ethanolamines, and their biosynthetic precursors in rabbit cornea

Cited by 14 publications

References 62 publications

Modulation of Type-1 and Type-2 Cannabinoid Receptors by Saffron in a Rat Model of Retinal Neurodegeneration

Modulation of Type-1 and Type-2 Cannabinoid Receptors by Saffron in a Rat Model of Retinal Neurodegeneration

Quantitative analysis of N‐acylphosphatidylethanolamine molecular species in rat brain using solid‐phase extraction combined with reversed‐phase chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

The Pharmacology of Prostaglandin F2α Ethanolamide and Bimatoprost Reveals a Unique Feedback Mechanism on Endocannabinoid Actions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About