Identification of predisposing and risk factors associated with gastric lesions in pigs

Omotosho, Olugbenga Adeshola; Ayoade, G. O.; Emikpe, Benjamin Obukowho; Adediran, Oyeduntan Adejoju; Uwalaka, Emmanuel Chibuike

doi:10.1016/s2222-1808(15)60939-2

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Stomach content volume and type are associated variables. The presence of nails, polythene sheets and bristles in diets suggestive of poor husbandry practices and stress may be important contributory factors to gastric lesions in pigs as previously reported (Omotosho et al, 2015). To reduce the incidence of gastric lesions, proper management and the use of gastro-protective feeding with a focus of consideration of feed hygiene, right particle size, overall feed quality and quantity is advocated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…This lesion was more frequently encountered in the fundus which is in contrast to previous reports (Amory et al, 2006;Appino et al, 2006) of more ulceration in the pars oesophagea in pigs. This unusual occurrence may be connected with the occurrence of certain risk factors (Omotosho et al, 2015) that are peculiar to this tropical environment and some adopted husbandry practices by farmers which increases stress during production. Other lesions encountered included epithelial changes in the non-glandular (pars oesophagea) region of the stomach, erosions and mucosa damage due mostly to traumatic injuries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most predominant gross lesion in each of the two regions of the stomach was used for the scoring. The occurrence of lesions was scored using previously described scoring technique (Omotosho et al, 2015). The scores are: 0 indicating no lesion; 1 indicating slight keratosis; 2 indicating severe keratosis and thickened epithelium; 3 indicating erosions; 4 indicating mucosa damage (lacerations, scars and puncture wounds); and 5 indicating ulceration.…”

Section: Gastric Lesion Morphometry Histopathology and Lesion Scoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pigs are susceptible to a number of disease conditions of which gastric lesions are of great importance. The stomach of the pig is characterized by its great fragility, particularly in the pars oesophagea zone close to the cardiac region which increases its susceptibility to lesions (Omotosho et al, 2015). Investigations have shown that gastric lesions including erosions and ulcerations are common conditions in pigs especially in growing pigs than breeding animals in Nigeria (Majekodunmi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gastric lesions in pigs include ulcerations, lacerations, erosions and epithelial changes. Age, sex, heredity, infection and parasitism, toxicity, trauma, nutrition and management have been reported to be some of the risk factors to the disease (Friendship, 1999;Monteiro, 2011 andOmotosho et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Occurrence of Gastric Lesions in Slaughtered Pigs at the Kumasi Abattoir, Ghana

Laryea¹,

Emikpe²,

Attoh-Kotoku³

et al. 2016

Bangl. J. Vet. Med.

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Information on the occurrence of gastric lesions in pigs in Ghana is lacking in literature. This study was designed as a preliminary investigation to determine the occurrence and pattern of gastric lesion in pigs in Ghana. Ante-mortem animal assessment and post-slaughter stomach evaluation were conducted on 75 pigs out of a total of 694 slaughtered between October, 2014 and March, 2015 at the Kumasi abattoir. The gross lesions observed on the gastric mucosa were graded using standard technique. Stomach contents were assessed and tissue sections were used for histopathology evaluation. The data obtained were cross tabulated and analyzed using Chi-square and One-way ANOVA. Significance was determined at p < 0.05.The prevalence of gastric lesions in the sampled population was 25.3% while the non-glandular stomach (pars oesophagea) and glandular had a prevalence of 17.3% and 21.3% respectively. The predominant lesions observed were epithelial changes in the pars oesophagea and ulcers in glandular region of the stomach. Epithelial changes were restricted to the non-glandular region and it affected 8 (42.1%) of the stomachs with lesions. Erosions and ulceration were observed in the pars oesophagea and glandular stomach while mucosa damage was restricted to the glandular stomach. Lesions were observed in the two breeds studied and the stomach contents of the pigs were mostly finely grounded compounded feed, millet/maize chaff or cassava based feed. Histopathological evaluation of gastric mucosa tissues revealed erosion, multifocal ulcerations with occasional presence of silver staining micro-organisms. There was no significant association between breed, age, sex and occurrence of gastric lesions in pigs. Stomach content volume and feed type were identified as risk factors. Evidence of stomach infection with spirochetes was also observed. Our findings reveal the occurrence of gastric lesions in pigs in Ghana and its associated risk factors. It is therefore recommended that stake-holders should adopt on-farm and abattoir periodic monitoring of the condition as well as improved animal welfare and hygiene practices both on farm and in transit.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gastric Lesion Morphometry Histopathology and Lesion Scoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Occurrence of Gastric Lesions in Slaughtered Pigs at the Kumasi Abattoir, Ghana

Laryea¹,

Emikpe²,

Attoh-Kotoku³

et al. 2016

Bangl. J. Vet. Med.

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Evaluation of the awareness and practices of farmers on gastric ulceration in pigs in the Oyo State, Nigeria

Omotosho¹,

Morakinyo²,

Adedayo³

et al. 2019

BJVM

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Background: Gastric ulceration has been identified as a significant problem affecting pigs worldwide causing economic losses and is of a welfare concern. Limited information was available on the awareness of farmers of gastric ulcers and the exposure of pigs to some identified predisposing factors. This study sought to fill this information gap. Methods: Data were collected from 148 registered pig farmers in 12 local government areas of Oyo state using structured questionnaires. On-site assessment of farms’ facilities and management practices was done to determine the level of exposure of pigs to known predisposing factors. Results: Most (84.5%) of the farmers were males with the majority (89.2%) being Christians. The scale of production was mostly (71%) between 50-150 pigs, while many (52.7%) had farming experience of over 5 years. Most (83.1%) of the farmers were aware of the occurrence of gastric ulcers in humans while only 23% were aware that pigs were affected. A high proportion (69%) of the farmers formulated their feeds based on their discretion while some (28.4%) used standard formula. A high proportion (62.2%) of farmers were utilizing mixed sized particles while 33.1% farmers were using finely grounded grains with most farmers (84%) feeding 1-2 times daily. Only 12.2% farmers evaluated water quality parameters with some (9.5%) sourcing water from streams. Farm design and facilities supported manual processes of feeding (100%), watering (60.8%) and sorting (85.8%). Restraints were mostly (96%) dependent on physical methods. Conclusion: This study showed that the awareness of gastric ulceration in pigs among farmers in the Oyo state was limited and pigs were consistently exposed to predisposing factors such as fine feed particles, unhygienic water, and stressful handling.

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A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Gastric Lesions and Anti-Inflammatory Drug Usage in Heavy Pigs

Ghidini,

Scali,

Romeo

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Gastric lesions in pigs cause welfare and economic losses. Their prevalence in heavy pigs reared for premium products (e.g., Parma ham) requires further investigation. Stress, nutrition, and farm management are known risk factors, but the effects of steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of gastric lesions in Italian heavy pigs and their possible association with the use of anti-inflammatory drugs. A total of 9371 pig stomachs from 76 farms were evaluated. Among these, 20.3% showed no lesions, while 30.7%, 42.1%, and 6.8% were scored 1, 2 and 3, respectively. A tendency for an inverse relationship with farm size emerged. The use of steroids and NSAIDs was estimated by calculating a treatment incidence per 1000 (TI1000) in a subset of 36 farms. At least one prescription for NSAIDs and/or steroids was found in 80.6% of the farms (55.6% used NSAIDs and 63.9% used steroids). Median TI1000 was 0.07 (range: 0–30.1) and 0.18 (range: 0–6.2) for NSAIDs and steroids, respectively. Gastric scores were positively associated with NSAID use, but not with steroid use. Although the role of these drugs in gastric lesions needs to be further clarified, these findings suggest a cautious use of non-selective NSAIDs.

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Identification of predisposing and risk factors associated with gastric lesions in pigs

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

The Occurrence of Gastric Lesions in Slaughtered Pigs at the Kumasi Abattoir, Ghana

The Occurrence of Gastric Lesions in Slaughtered Pigs at the Kumasi Abattoir, Ghana

Evaluation of the awareness and practices of farmers on gastric ulceration in pigs in the Oyo State, Nigeria

A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Gastric Lesions and Anti-Inflammatory Drug Usage in Heavy Pigs

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Identification of predisposing and risk factors associated with gastric lesions in pigs

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

The Occurrence of Gastric Lesions in Slaughtered Pigs at the Kumasi Abattoir, Ghana

The Occurrence of Gastric Lesions in Slaughtered Pigs at the Kumasi Abattoir, Ghana

Evaluation of the awareness and practices of farmers on gastric ulceration in pigs in the Oyo State​, Nigeria

A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Gastric Lesions and Anti-Inflammatory Drug Usage in Heavy Pigs

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Evaluation of the awareness and practices of farmers on gastric ulceration in pigs in the Oyo State, Nigeria