Identification of potential 'hot spots' of cystic echinococcosis transmission in the province of Río Negro, Argentina

Arezo, Marcos; Mujica, Guillermo; Uchiumi, Leonardo; Santillán, Graciela; Herrero, Eduardo; Labanchi, José Luis; Araya, Daniel; Salvitti, Juan Carlos; Cabrera, Marta; Grizmado, Claudia; Calabró, Arnoldo; Talmón, Gabriel; Sepúlveda, Luís; Galván, José María Moreno; Volpe, Marcela; Bastin, Vanesa; Seleiman, Marcos; Panomarenko, Oscar; Tissot, Hebe; Sobrino, Mariano; Crowley, Pablo; Daffner, J. F.; Larrieu, Edmundo

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105341

Cited by 12 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In the cities of Argentinian Patagonia, another important factor that promotes infection by zoonotic parasites, mainly cystic echinococcosis, is the domestic slaughter of small ruminants for human consumption. This practice occurs frequently in rural areas and the peripheral low-income neighbourhoods of cities, where dogs are fed with the raw offal of sheep and goats [35,36]. The vast majority of parasites registered in South America are cosmopolitan zoonotic parasites transmitted through dog faeces, such as Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma caninum, Toxascaris leonina, Echinococcus spp., and Dipylidium caninum, which are common parasites in dogs worldwide [12].…”

Section: Dogs Parasites and Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The State of Knowledge on Intestinal Helminths in Free-Roaming Dogs in Southern South America

Ritossa¹,

Viozzi²,

Flores³

2021

Canine Genetics, Health and Medicine

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In South America there are more dogs per person than in developed countries. Many owners allow their dogs to roam freely in public areas, which favours the spread of zoonotic diseases. The objective of this work is to describe, through bibliographic analysis, the occurrence, prevalence, species richness, and distribution of intestinal helminth parasites found in dog faeces from urban and rural areas of southern South America (Argentina-Chile-Uruguay). Using three databases, we performed a systematic review of articles published between 2000 and 2020 in indexed journals. A total of 219 articles was evaluated for eligibility, and of these 67 were included in the final analysis; 48 correspond to Argentina, 17 to Chile, and 2 to Uruguay. The total number of parasite taxa recorded was 22, the most frequently occurring species being Toxocara canis, Ancylostoma sp., Trichuris vulpis and Echinococcus sp. Species richness was correlated with sample size and varied between 1 and 10 species. In addition, disease risk is not homogeneously distributed. Due to the high infection levels in dogs, urban and rural dwellers are at risk of infection with zoonotic diseases transmitted by these animals, therefore a One Health approach to public health would be advisable.

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Section: Dogs Parasites and Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The State of Knowledge on Intestinal Helminths in Free-Roaming Dogs in Southern South America

Ritossa¹,

Viozzi²,

Flores³

2021

Canine Genetics, Health and Medicine

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“…The geographic areas of greatest risk are located to the west and center of the province [3][4][5] including the towns of Bolsón and Bariloche in the Cordillera region and those of Comallo, Pilcaniyeu, Ñ orquinco and Ingeniero Jacobacci and their rural areas in the Patagonian plateau region, where the ecological conditions favor the survival of Echinococcus granulosus eggs and the social, cultural and economic conditions, with subsistence sheep farming and the persistent practice of feeding sheep offal to the dogs, generate an epidemiological environment that favors the sustenance of the transmission cycle [6]. (5), Jacobacci (6), Los Menucos (7), Maquinchao (8), Niorquinco (9), Pilcaniyeu (10), Ramos Mexia (11), San Antonio (12), Sierra Colorada (13), Sierra Grande (14), Valcheta (15), Valle Alto (16), Valle Inferior (17), Valle Medio (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of animal health and public health surveillance sources to exhaustively inform the risk of zoonosis: An application to echinococcosis in Rio Negro, Argentina

et al. 2020

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The analysis of zoonotic disease risk requires the consideration of both human and animal geo-referenced disease incidence data. Here we show an application of joint Bayesian analyses to the study of echinococcosis granulosus (EG) in the province of Rio Negro, Argentina. We focus on merging passive and active surveillance data sources of animal and human EG cases using joint Bayesian spatial and spatio-temporal models. While similar spatial clustering and temporal trending was apparent, there appears to be limited lagged dependence between animal and human outcomes. Beyond the data quality issues relating to missingness at different times, we were able to identify relations between dog and human data and the highest 'at risk' areas for echinococcosis within the province.

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“…However, the reported prevalence of CE in livestock is widely underestimated, because the surveillance system based on reports recorded at slaughterhouses is still inefficient [9,11]. In addition, the data of surveillance systems are usually obtained for wide geographic areas that assume a homogeneous prevalence [12]. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of CE in sheep and goat farms uniformly distributed in a hyperendemic region of the European Mediterranean.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spatial Distribution and Epidemiology of Echinococcus Granulosus Infection in Sheep and Goats Slaughtered in a Hyperendemic European Mediterranean Area

Bosco¹,

Alves²,

Cociancic³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a parasitic zoonosis caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, highly widespread in livestock, particularly sheep and goats. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution of CE in sheep and goats slaughtered in a hyperendemic Mediterranean area.Methods: A survey was conducted in Basilicata region (southern Italy) from 2014 to 2019. A total of 1454 animals (1265 sheep and 189 goats) from 824 farms were examined for hydatid cysts detection by visual inspection, palpation and incision of target organs. All the CE cysts were counted and classified into five morphostructural types (unilocular, multisepted, calcified, caseous and hyperlaminated). The molecular analysis was performed on 50 cysts. For spatial analysis, kriging interpolation method was used to create risk maps, while the clustering was assessed by Moran’s I test.Results: CE prevalence of 72.2% (595/824) and 58.4% (849/1454) were observed at the farm and animal level, respectively, with higher values in sheep (62.9%) than goats (28.0%). The liver and lungs were the most frequently infected organs both in sheep and goats. Most of recovered cysts belonged to the calcified and multisepted morphotypes. All the isolates were identified as E. granulosus sensu stricto (genotypes G1-G3). Spatial distribution showed a moderate clustering of positive animals.Conclusions: The findings of this study can be used to better understand the eco-epidemiology of echinococcosis and to improve the CE surveillance and prevention programs in regions highly endemic for CE.

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Identification of potential 'hot spots' of cystic echinococcosis transmission in the province of Río Negro, Argentina

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

The State of Knowledge on Intestinal Helminths in Free-Roaming Dogs in Southern South America

The State of Knowledge on Intestinal Helminths in Free-Roaming Dogs in Southern South America

Integration of animal health and public health surveillance sources to exhaustively inform the risk of zoonosis: An application to echinococcosis in Rio Negro, Argentina

Spatial Distribution and Epidemiology of Echinococcus Granulosus Infection in Sheep and Goats Slaughtered in a Hyperendemic European Mediterranean Area

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