Identification of Potential Fungus as Plant Pest Organisms and Causes of Diseases in Cultivated Plants in Pekanbaru

Abstract

Cendawan merupakan organisme yang mengganggu pertumbuhan tanaman seperti Jeruk kasturi, kedelai,gandum, dan tomat. Tujuan penelitain ini adalah untuk memeriksa potensi cendawan patogen yang dapat merusak tanaman budidaya seperti jeruk kasturi, gandum, kedelai dan tomat karena semua tanaman yang telah terinfeksi penyakit tidak akan bisa melakukan aktivitas fisiologi secara sempurna, sehingga tanaman tersebut akan mengalami penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas produksi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif eksploratif dengan melakukan identifikasi cendawan pada daun jeruk kasturi, biji kedelai, daun gandum dan daun tomat dengan metode identifikasi makroskopis dan mikroskopis serta blotter test. Cendawan pada daun jeruk kasturi diidentifikasi sebagai Colletrotichum sp. dan Nigrospora sp. (non OPTK), sedangkan pada gandum yaitu Tilletia Indica (OPTK kategori A1), dan padatanaman tomat yaitu Fusarium oxysporium dan Curvularia lunata (OPTK). Pada biji kedelai diperolehPeronospora manshurica, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavusdan Penicillium chrysogenum. Kata kunci: Cendawan patogen, tanaman budidaya, Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman Karantina. Fungi are organisms that interfere with the growth of plants such as musk oranges, soybeans, wheat, and tomatoes. The purpose of this study was to examine the potential for pathogenic fungi that can damage cultivated plants such as kaffir lime, wheat, soybeans and tomatoes because all plants that have been infected with the disease will not be able to carry out physiological activities perfectly, so that these plants will experience a decrease in quality and quantity. production. This research is an exploratory descriptive study by identifying the fungus on kaffir lime leaves, soybean seeds, wheat leaves and tomato leaves with macroscopic and microscopic identification methods and blotter test. The fungus on kaffir lime leaves was identified as Colletrotichum sp. and Nigrospora sp. (non-OPTK), while in wheat, namely Tilletia Indica (OPTK category A1), and in tomato plants, namely Fusarium oxysporium and Curvularia lunata (OPTK). In soybean seeds obtained Peronospora manshurica, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium chrysogenum. Keywords: Cultivated plants, Pathogenic fungi, Quarantined Plant Destruction Organisms.