Identification of pollen donors for the avocado cultivar Gwen in a mixed orchard by isozyme analysis

Sulaiman, Zulkefly; Collins, Graham; Witherspoon, J. M.; Sedgley, Margaret

doi:10.1080/14620316.2004.11511807

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The characteristics, type, quantity, density, and distribution of parents, and also environmental factors determine the spread distance and pattern of effective pollen [22]. For instance, the intensity of pollen flow and the chance of successful mating decrease with increasing pollination distance [24]. Our results showed that the spread distance of P. koraiensis followed an approximately normal distribution, which is similar to the results reported by Sun et al [22].…”

Section: Spread Of Effective Pollensupporting

confidence: 89%

Mode of pollen spread in clonal seed orchard of Pinus koraiensis

Feng¹,

Sui²,

Chen³

et al. 2010

JBPC

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The patterns of effective pollen dispersal and the relationships between pollen dispersal and genetic composition in Pinus koraiensis are still unclear. Hence, we investigated the mode of pollen dispersal of P. koraiensis in a clonal seed orchard in Lushuihe Forestry Bureau, Jilin Province, using SSR molecular markers tech-nique and the method of maximum likelihood. A total of 13 pairs of nuclear microsatellites po-lymorphic primers were used in the paternity analysis. We analyzed 100 progenies and 150 paternities. A total of 56 alleles were detected in 13 loci with 3-6 alleles (4.3 alleles in average) in a single locus. The primers of SsrPt_ctg7170 and SsrPt_ctg5333 had the maximum (6) and the minimum (3) alleles, respectively. The averaged values of observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content of experimental groups were 0.648, 0.601 and 0.533, respectively. The mating dis-tance of P. koraiensis followed an approximately normal distribution. The most effective pollen for the female parent came from male parent trees 15-45 m away with an average mating dis-tance of 32.60 m and the longest of 67.88 m. The pollen source of offspring was not random but greatly affected by the wind direction during the pollination season of P. koraiensis. These re-sults have important implications for seed or-chard design to improve the genetic quality of seeds and seed production

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Section: Spread Of Effective Pollensupporting

confidence: 89%

Mode of pollen spread in clonal seed orchard of Pinus koraiensis

Feng¹,

Sui²,

Chen³

et al. 2010

JBPC

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“…Isozymes developed for avocado Bergh, 1978, 1980) have been used almost exclusively for the identification of potential pollen donors. The majority of studies have been conducted in the Mediterraneanlike climates of California (Kobayashi et al, 2000;Vrecenar-Gadus and Ellstrand, 1985), Israel (Degani et al, 1986(Degani et al, , 1989(Degani et al, , 1997Goldring et al, 1987), South Africa (Robbertse et al, 1998), Chile (Gardiazabal and Gandolfo, 1995), and Australia (Sulaiman et al, 2004). Outcrossing has been demonstrated in all studies, but the rate varies according to location, orchard design, developmental stage of the fruit sampled, and the cultivar(s) used as potential pollen donors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Outcrossing in Florida Avocados as Measured Using Microsatellite Markers

Borrone¹,

Olano²,

Kuhn³

et al. 2008

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) possesses a unique flowering mechanism, thought to promote out-crossing, in which the male and female parts of the perfect flower function at different time periods. Cultivars are classified as Flowering Type A, where flowers are functionally female the morning of one day and functionally male the afternoon of the next day, or Flowering Type B, where flowers are functionally female in the afternoon and functionally male the next morning. Avocado growers typically interplant cultivars of opposite flowering types to maximize yield. Recently, it has been hypothesized that 90% to 95% of avocado flowers are self-pollinated in southern Florida. However, this hypothesis does not address whether mature, marketable avocado fruit in Florida are the result of outcrossing. To determine whether avocado fruit in southern Florida result from self-pollination or outcrossing, fruit were harvested from a commercial orchard in Miami-Dade County, Florida, from a block consisting of two cultivars, Simmonds (Flowering Type A) and Tonnage (Flowering Type B), interplanted in approximately equal numbers. Seeds were germinated and the resulting progeny were genotyped using eight fully informative, microsatellite markers. Seventy-four percent of the ‘Simmonds’ progeny and 96% of the ‘Tonnage’ progeny were judged to be the result of cross-pollination, with an estimated overall outcrossing rate of 63% to 85% within this particular block of the orchard. Seedlings judged to be the result of cross-pollinations between ‘Simmonds’ and ‘Tonnage’ are being maintained at the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station and are being evaluated for segregation of important agronomic and horticultural traits.

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“…It has also been demonstrated that preferential pollination may occur in avocados. For example, Sulaiman et al (2004) found that a minimum of 46% and a maximum of 85% of embryos from the variety 'Gwen' were pollinated by the variety 'Ryan'. This was true even in cases where a 'Ryan' donor was up to 50 m away from a 'Gwen' tree that was surrounded by other varieties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Genetic diversity analysis of avocado (Persea americana Miller) rootstocks selected under greenhouse conditions for tolerance to phytophthora root rot caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi

et al. 2011

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Phytophthora cinnamomi, the causal agent of Phytophthora Root Rot (PRR) of avocado, is the most serious disease of avocado worldwide. The development of tolerant rootstocks to control PRR has proven to be an effective means to control the disease. However, using traditional breeding approaches can take over a decade to produce results and there has been a limited use to integrate molecular data into breeding efforts. Therefore, the objective of this work was to use amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) to genetically characterize greenhouse selected PRR tolerant rootstocks, some that had been field-tested and others that had not. Sixty-one polymorphic markers were identified among the 83 cultivars/selections tested. Based on UPGMA analysis, extensive genotypic diversity was found with the closest genotypes differing by six markers. No obvious trends were observed based on the cluster analysis with regards to known tolerant and susceptible rootstocks but rootstocks that have been field-tested and determined to be very tolerant rootstocks such as Latas, Dusa, PP14 (Uzi), PP4 (Zentmyer), and PP24 (Steddom) were distributed across the tree. This suggests that the same mechanisms for resistance may not be shared among these various selections. Therefore, these best-performing and most genetically diverse rootstocks will be combined in future breeding efforts to potentially pyramid diverse sources of resistance into future selections.

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Identification of pollen donors for the avocado cultivar Gwen in a mixed orchard by isozyme analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Mode of pollen spread in clonal seed orchard of Pinus koraiensis

Mode of pollen spread in clonal seed orchard of Pinus koraiensis

Outcrossing in Florida Avocados as Measured Using Microsatellite Markers

Genetic diversity analysis of avocado (Persea americana Miller) rootstocks selected under greenhouse conditions for tolerance to phytophthora root rot caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi

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