Identification of plasma lipid species as promising diagnostic markers for prostate cancer

Abstract

Background Prostate cancer is a very common and highly fatal in men. Current non-invasive detection methods like serum biomarker are unsatisfactory. Biomarkers with high accuracy for diagnostic of prostate cancer are urgently needed. Many lipid species have been found related to various cancers. The purpose of our study is to explore the diagnostic value of lipids for prostate cancer. Results Using triple quadruple liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, we performed lipidomics profiling of 367 lipids on a total 114 plasma samples from 30 patients with prostate cancer, 38 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and 46 male healthy controls to evaluate the lipids as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database was used to construct the potential mechanism pathway. After statistical analysis, five lipids were identified as a panel of potential biomarkers for the detection of prostate cancer between prostate cancer group and the BPH group; the sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve (AUC) of the combination of these five lipids were 73.3, 81.6%, and 0.800, respectively. We also identified another panel of five lipids in distinguishing between prostate cancer group and the control group with predictive values of sensitivity at 76.7%, specificity at 80.4%, and AUC at 0.836, respectively. The glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway of the selected lipids was considered as the target pathway. Conclusions Our study indicated that the identified plasma lipid biomarkers have potential in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Metabolic Phenotyping in Prostate Cancer Using Multi-Omics Approaches

“…Furthermore, the characterization of the proteomics landscape of exosomes, isolated from primary prostate epithelial and PCa cell lines, identified four exosomal proteins (PDCD6IP, FASN, XPO1, and ENO1) as potential new candidate biomarkers for PCa [50]. Moreover, lipidomics, an emerging omics approach [51], has also demonstrated its potential as an alternative diagnostic tool in PCa, revealing specific associations between alterations in glycerophospholipid metabolism and fatty-acid synthesis and oxidation with PCa progression [52,53].…”

Role of Lipids and Lipid Metabolism in Prostate Cancer Progression and the Tumor’s Immune Environment

“…In the same study, lipid species of acylcarnitines and ceramides were associated with a poor outcome in all stages of PCa. Recently, glycerophospholipids and glycosphingolipids have also been suggested as potential biomarkers in the blood lipidome analysis for PCa detection [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Fatty Acid Metabolism Reprogramming in Advanced Prostate Cancer

“…Moreover, using triple quadrupole liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, Chen et al also performed a lipidomic profiling from 30 patients with PCa, 38 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and 46 healthy male controls-the profiles indicated that the identified plasma lipid biomarkers have potential for the diagnosis of PCa [54]. Pathway analyses have also revealed a statistically significant association between lipids and PCa-specific death, and sterol or steroid metabolites showed the strongest chemical subclass association [55].…”