Identification of Phenotypic Variation and Genetic Diversity in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Mutants

Anh, Truong Thi Tu; Khanh, Tran Dang; Dat, Tran Dang; Xuan, Tran Dang

doi:10.3390/agriculture8020030

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Several sources of genetic variation are available to complement the genetic paucity of modern elite cultivars. Genetic diversity generated artificially through mutagenesis has proven a valuable resource for various crop species, as variants can be directly produced in commercial germplasm (Caldwell et al ., ; Mba, ; Nikam et al ., ; Gulfishan et al ., ; Çelik and Atak, ; Pando and Deza, ; Wang et al ., ; Tu Anh et al ., ). However, given that salt tolerance is most likely to arise from the concerted effects of numerous mechanisms, the potential to artificially create salt tolerant variants is surely limited.…”

Section: Harnessing the Genetic Diversity Of Exotic Germplasmmentioning

confidence: 97%

Salt stress under the scalpel – dissecting the genetics of salt tolerance

et al. 2019

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Summary Salt stress limits the productivity of crops grown under saline conditions, leading to substantial losses of yield in saline soils and under brackish and saline irrigation. Salt tolerant crops could alleviate these losses while both increasing irrigation opportunities and reducing agricultural demands on dwindling freshwater resources. However, despite significant efforts, progress towards this goal has been limited, largely because of the genetic complexity of salt tolerance for agronomically important yield‐related traits. Consequently, the focus is shifting to the study of traits that contribute to overall tolerance, thus breaking down salt tolerance into components that are more genetically tractable. Greater consideration of the plasticity of salt tolerance mechanisms throughout development and across environmental conditions furthers this dissection. The demand for more sophisticated and comprehensive methodologies is being met by parallel advances in high‐throughput phenotyping and sequencing technologies that are enabling the multivariate characterisation of vast germplasm resources. Alongside steady improvements in statistical genetics models, forward genetics approaches for elucidating salt tolerance mechanisms are gaining momentum. Subsequent quantitative trait locus and gene validation has also become more accessible, most recently through advanced techniques in molecular biology and genomic analysis, facilitating the translation of findings to the field. Besides fuelling the improvement of established crop species, this progress also facilitates the domestication of naturally salt tolerant orphan crops. Taken together, these advances herald a promising era of discovery for research into the genetics of salt tolerance in plants.

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Section: Harnessing the Genetic Diversity Of Exotic Germplasmmentioning

confidence: 97%

Salt stress under the scalpel – dissecting the genetics of salt tolerance

et al. 2019

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“…The fertilizers, weeding, water, and pesticides were provided by conditional methods in Japan. The F 1 population, derived from TBR 1 (female) x KD 18 (male) crossing, was treated with the MNU mutation, as described previously by Anh et al [24] with some slight modifications. The heterozygosity of the F 1 generation was identified by SSR markers, then these F1 seeds were further soaked in 150 nM MNU for 3 hours, dried, and kept in the dark for 3 months in a hermetic condition before being stored at 4 • C. The mutated F 1 (M 1 ) (200 seeds) was self-pollinated to yield the mutated F 2 (M 2 ) population and was grown in 2016 (May-September, wet season).…”

Section: Rice Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1000 seed weight was calculated in grams. Grain quality traits, including amylose, protein, and lipid contents, were measured by a PGC Shizuoka Seiki PS-500 (version 2-12, Shizuoka Seiki Co. Ltd.; Shizuoka, Japan) [24].…”

Section: Rice Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total DNA from each sample was extracted by the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method with some modifications [24]. A total of 0.5 g of the young leaves of each of the individual parents, M 2 , M 3 , and the control (without mutation) populations, were collected at 60 days after transplantation, cut into small pieces, put into a 2.0 mL centrifuge tube with balls, and kept at −80 • C for at least two hours.…”

Section: Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The uses of SSR markers are convenient and effective in breeding new rice cultivars to obtain elite important agronomic traits, such as plant height, maturity, seed shattering, amylose content, yield, and resistance to disease and environmental stresses (153 hybrid lines bred from 18 parents) [23]. In previous studies, several mutant lines developed from the MNU-induced mutation showed potential for breeding new rice cultivars with a high yield and good quality (DT84DB and DT84DB x Baothai) [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mutation Breeding of a N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-Induced Rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. Indica) Population for the Yield Attributing Traits

et al. 2019

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Difficulties in breeding new rice cultivars that have a high yield, are acceptable quality, and are tolerant to environmental stresses have been the major constraint of rice production in many developing countries, as these traits are determined by multiple genes associated with complicated and uncontrollable gene segregations.Furthermore, the gene/QTL (quantitative trait locus) introduced to the cultivar is unstable due to the interaction among the active genes, which determine the phenotypic performance, not yet been well understood or controllable. In this study, the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced mutation was applied to the heterozygote of the F1 generation from the cross between TBR1 (female) and KD18 (male parent). The phenotype and genotype of the M2 and M3 generations were evaluated and showed that the mutant population phenotypes, including the plant height, semi-dwarfism, amylose content, protein content, gel consistency, grain yield, and spikelet fertility, varied. Interestingly, no segregation among the genotypes in the M2 and M3 generations was observed, while the genotypes of the control population were either paternally inherited or indeterminable when using 28 polymorphism simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that were identified on parental lines from 200 markers. The MNU-induced mutation caused maternal inheritance in the segregating populations, as primarily important agronomic traits were maternally succeeded from the female line TBR1. The findings of this study indicated that, through the use of MNU, the breeding of rice cultivars with close genetic backgrounds (similarity coefficient = 0.52) could be shortened by the maternal control of important qualities, such as pest and disease resistance and high yield, thus contributing to sustainable rice production for rice farmers. Further examination of rice cultivars with a greater difference in the genetic background should be subsequently conducted.

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Genotype‐by‐environmental interaction effects on earliness, semi‐dwarfism, and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutants in Tamil Nadu, India

Pillai,

R.,

et al. 2023

Crop Science

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Rice plant architecture improvement helps in effective and efficient source‐sink relationship to enhance yield. Most preferred plant architecture in rice is dwarf type. Improved White Ponni is a tall, medium duration, released variety of Tamil Nadu, India; yielding 300 kg more than parental line White Ponni, suitable for second season transplanting. To induce variation in plant height to select semi‐dwarf mutants Improved White Ponni (IWP) was subjected to mutagenesis in 2011 using different doses of gamma rays to develop semi‐dwarf and short‐duration mutants. The selection was carried out in segregating populations of M2 and evaluation of selected better performing mutants was done up to 70 selected mutants in M5. Nineteen M5 homozygous, semi‐dwarf and short‐duration mutants that outperformed the IWP were evaluated in 2015–16 across five contrasting environments of Tamil Nadu in India. The genotypes were grown in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications with IWP as a control. In the AMMI biplot analysis revealed that PC1 and PC2 accounted for 49% and 18% of the variation. Interaction Principal Component Analysis‐1 scores were observed for the mutants viz., IWP‐15‐5, IWP‐22‐1 and IWP‐30‐5 indicating their superior performance. In the GGE biplot, E1 (Aduthurai), E4 (Coimbatore) and E5 (Thirupathisaram) were the ideal environments for selecting high‐yielding mutants. IWP‐6‐5 and IWP‐16‐2 were the stable mutants for yield (23.59 g and 24.51 g respectively), but with lower mean than other mutants at favorable environments. Based on the two models, E2 (Killikulam) and E3 (Madurai) were the favorable locations for exploiting high yields; IWP‐30‐5, IWP‐22‐2 and IWP‐22‐3 were stable across environments. These stable, high‐yielding, and early maturing mutants show potential for further advancement and eventual release as new rice varieties.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Identification of Phenotypic Variation and Genetic Diversity in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Mutants

Cited by 28 publications

References 38 publications

Salt stress under the scalpel – dissecting the genetics of salt tolerance

Salt stress under the scalpel – dissecting the genetics of salt tolerance

Mutation Breeding of a N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-Induced Rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. Indica) Population for the Yield Attributing Traits

Genotype‐by‐environmental interaction effects on earliness, semi‐dwarfism, and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutants in Tamil Nadu, India

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