Identification of Phase Transitions and Metastability in Dynamically Compressed Antimony Using Ultrafast X-Ray Diffraction

Coleman, Amy L.; Gorman, M. G.; Briggs, R.J.; McWilliams, R. S.; McGonegle, David; Bolme, C. A.; Gleason, A. E.; Fratanduono, D. E.; Smith, R. F.; Galtier, Eric; Lee, H. J.; Nagler, Bob; Collins, G. W.; Eggert, J. H.; Wark, J. S.; McMahon, M. I.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.122.255704

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…However, because of the nanosecond timescales during dynamic loading and accommodation of rate-limiting kinetic hinderances, effects can result in significant shifts of equilibrium phase boundaries such that transitions may not be observed or may require significant overpressure. This is a known deviation between shock and static experiments [41][42][43][44][45][46] . However, the extent to which these pressure induced phase transformations can be hindered seems to be much more pronounced for stishovite than for other materials, presumably due to its high initial density and low compressibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evidence of shock-compressed stishovite above 300 GPa

Schoelmerich

Tschentscher

Bhat

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Sio 2 is one of the most fundamental constituents in planetary bodies, being an essential building block of major mineral phases in the crust and mantle of terrestrial planets (1-10 M E). Silica at depths greater than 300 km may be present in the form of the rutile-type, high pressure polymorph stishovite (P4 2 /mnm) and its thermodynamic stability is of great interest for understanding the seismic and dynamic structure of planetary interiors. previous studies on stishovite via static and dynamic (shock) compression techniques are contradictory and the observed differences in the lattice-level response is still not clearly understood. Here, laser-induced shock compression experiments at the LcLS-and SAcLA XfeL light-sources elucidate the high-pressure behavior of stishovite on the lattice-level under in situ conditions on the Hugoniot to pressures above 300 GPa. We find stishovite is still (meta-)stable at these conditions, and does not undergo any phase transitions. this contradicts static experiments showing structural transformations to the cacl 2 , α-pbo 2 and pyrite-type structures. However, rate-limited kinetic hindrance may explain our observations. these results are important to our understanding into the validity of eoS data from nanosecond experiments for geophysical applications. Stishovite, the high-pressure polymorph of silica, is of vast interest for planetary-and material science as a dominant constituent material in the mantle of Earth and larger terrestrial extra-solar planets. Under equilibrium conditions, stishovite becomes the stable form of SiO 2 at pressures above ~7 GPa and crystallizes in the rutile-type structure (P4 2 /mnm), consisting of octahedrally coordinated Si atoms 1-3. Static compression studies using diamond anvil cell (DAC) techniques show, that stishovite undergoes a displacive phase transition to the orthorhombic CaCl 2-type structure (Pnnm) at ~60 GPa 4-10 and a further transition to the α-PbO 2 type structure (Pbcn) at ~121 GPa 10-16. To date, the highest-pressure experimentally determined SiO 2 phase transformation is to the pyrite-type structure (Pa3) at around 268 GPa 17. Additionally, silica has been explored using dynamic shock compression experiments. Shock compression studies of fused silica and quartz up to 200 GPa indicate phase transitions to stishovite, post-stishovite phase(s) and melting above 120 GPa 18-23. However, only few studies use stishovite as a starting material. This is mainly due to the difficulty of synthesizing large specimens of stishovite without impurities or significant porosity, and preparing these samples for shock compression experiments. Stishovite has been shock compressed in the pressure regime between 193.6-235.7 GPa with the gas gun technique 24 , between 316-992 GPa with the flyer plate technique at the Z-machine 25 and in the pressure regime between 1032.2-2660.4 GPa with the decaying shock method at the OMEGA laser facility 26. All three studies resolve the stishovite continuum Hugoniot. In contrast to static experiments 5 , there is...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evidence of shock-compressed stishovite above 300 GPa

Schoelmerich

Tschentscher

Bhat

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The smaller laser systems allow for much higher repetition rates, therefore greatly improving the amount of data that can be gathered. The high intensity and low bandwidth of the XFEL beam allow for the identification of highly complex structures, such as commensurate host-guest phases 10 , 40 . Lastly, XFELs such the European XFEL and LCLS II will be able to reach very high photon energies (> 20 keV) 39 , 41 , which allows for much greater filtering to be used in front of detectors, reducing background caused by the ablation plasma from the drive laser and therefore increasing signal-to-noise, as well as allowing a greater volume of reciprocal space to be explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While much work has been done using lasers to shock materials, this process is highly entropic and will result in the sample being heated until eventually, the sample will melt. For most metals, this is usually below 300 GPa [9][10][11][12][13][14] . To push the pressure beyond this point, while keeping the sample solid, ramp compression is required to keep the material closer to an isentrope.…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigating off-Hugoniot states using multi-layer ring-up targets

McGonegle

Heighway

Sliwa

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Laser compression has long been used as a method to study solids at high pressure. This is commonly achieved by sandwiching a sample between two diamond anvils and using a ramped laser pulse to slowly compress the sample, while keeping it cool enough to stay below the melt curve. We demonstrate a different approach, using a multilayer 'ring-up' target whereby laser-ablation pressure compresses Pb up to 150 GPa while keeping it solid, over two times as high in pressure than where it would shock melt on the Hugoniot. We find that the efficiency of this approach compares favourably with the commonly used diamond sandwich technique and could be important for new facilities located at XFELs and synchrotrons which often have higher repetition rate, lower energy lasers which limits the achievable pressures that can be reached.

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“…However, it is still a challenge to measure the full bulk strain tensor, especially for fast or ultrafast dynamic experiments. The development of advanced X-ray sources such as synchrotron radiation sources and X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) offers the opportunity to capture in situ dynamic events (Luo et al, 2012;Milathianaki et al, 2013;Wehrenberg et al, 2017;Seiboth et al, 2018;Coleman et al, 2019;Brown et al, 2019;Huang et al, 2016a,b;Fan et al, 2016;Turneaure et al, 2017;Briggs et al, 2019), including strain and X-ray diffraction measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full strain tensor measurements with X-ray diffraction and strain field mapping: a simulation study

Tang

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2020

J Synchrotron Radiat

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Strain tensor measurements are important for understanding elastic and plastic deformation, but full bulk strain tensor measurement techniques are still lacking, in particular for dynamic loading. Here, such a methodology is reported, combining imaging-based strain field mapping and simultaneous X-ray diffraction for four typical loading modes: one-dimensional strain/stress compression/tension. Strain field mapping resolves two in-plane principal strains, and X-ray diffraction analysis yields volumetric strain, and thus the out-of-plane principal strain. This methodology is validated against direct molecular dynamics simulations on nanocrystalline tantalum. This methodology can be implemented with simultaneous X-ray diffraction and digital image correlation in synchrotron radiation or free-electron laser experiments.

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Identification of Phase Transitions and Metastability in Dynamically Compressed Antimony Using Ultrafast X-Ray Diffraction

Cited by 41 publications

References 31 publications

Evidence of shock-compressed stishovite above 300 GPa

Evidence of shock-compressed stishovite above 300 GPa

Investigating off-Hugoniot states using multi-layer ring-up targets

Full strain tensor measurements with X-ray diffraction and strain field mapping: a simulation study

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