Identification of Novel Proteins in Foam Nests of the Japanese Forest Green Tree Frog, Rhacophorus arboreus

Shigeri, Yasushi; Nakata, Makoto; Tomari, Naohiro; Yamamoto, Yoshihiro; Uegaki, Koichi; Haramoto, Yoshikazu; Bumb, Chloe; Tanaka, Yoshie; Kinumi, Tomoya; Inagaki, Hidetoshi

doi:10.2108/zs200113

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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Section: Biochemical Characterization Of the Foam Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the biological relevance of foam nests for frog development and evolutionary success, our understanding of their chemical composition is limited to a few species [3,37,38]. However, we do know that foam nests are rich in novel surfactant proteins [6,35], along with other proteins, lectins, and carbohydrates [3,5,38]. The microbiome of frog foam nests is even less well understood, and we are just beginning to learn about their composition and role on early host colonization [12].…”

Section: Biochemical Characterization Of the Foam Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major known protein in each nest, Lv-RSN-1 (from L. vastus) [3,35,36], RSN-2 (from E. pustulosus [39], and Ranasmurfin (from P. leucomystax [76], does not significantly share amino acid sequence or conformational structure. These novel proteins likely play a crucial role in nest architecture and stability [35,37] and, together with other well-known defense proteins detected in foam nests, represent an efficient protection strategy for the development of tadpoles (3,36,38]. We have recently analyzed the proteome of the foam nests of L. vastus, L. macrosternum, P. cuvieri and P. albifrons, which revealed a high number of unidentified protein spectra as well as a significant number of species-exclusive spectra, ranging from 75% exclusive to L. vastus to 55% exclusive to P. cuvieri (unpublished data), suggesting a diverse range of proteins across different species.…”

Section: A Distinctive Frog Foam Nest Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neotropical Frog Foam Nest’s Microbiomes

et al. 2023

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Amphibian foam nests are unique microenvironments that play a crucial role in the development of tadpoles. They contain high levels of proteins and carbohydrates, yet little is known about the impact of their microbiomes on tadpole health. This study provides a first characterization of the microbiome of foam nests from three species of Leptodactylids (Adenomera hylaedactyla, Leptodactylus vastus, and Physalaemus cuvieri) by investigating the DNA extracted from foam nests, adult tissues, soil, and water samples, analyzed via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to gain insight into the factors driving its composition. The results showed that the dominant phyla were proteobacteria, bacteroidetes, and firmicutes, with the most abundant genera being Pseudomonas, Sphingobacterium, and Paenibacillus. The foam nest microbiomes of A. hylaedactyla and P. cuvieri were more similar to each other than to that of L. vastus, despite their phylogenetic distance. The foam nests demonstrated a distinct microbiome that clustered together and separated from the microbiomes of the environment and adult tissue samples. This suggests that the peculiar foam nest composition shapes its microbiome, rather than vertical or horizontal transference forces. We expanded this knowledge into amphibian foam nest microbiomes, highlighting the importance of preserving healthy foam nests for amphibian conservation.

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Section: Biochemical Characterization Of the Foam Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biochemical Characterization Of the Foam Nestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Distinctive Frog Foam Nest Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neotropical Frog Foam Nest’s Microbiomes

et al. 2023

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Early life skin microbial trajectory as a function of vertical and environmental transmission in Bornean foam-nesting frogs

et al. 2021

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Background The amphibian skin microbiome is an important mediator of host health and serves as a potential source of undiscovered scientifically significant compounds. However, the underlying modalities of how amphibian hosts obtain their initial skin-associated microbiome remains unclear. Here, we explore microbial transmission patterns in foam-nest breeding tree frogs from Southeast Asia (Genus: Polypedates) whose specialized breeding strategy allows for better delineation between vertically and environmentally derived microbes. To facilitate this, we analyzed samples associated with adult frog pairs taken after mating—including adults of each sex, their foam nests, environments, and tadpoles before and after environmental interaction—for the bacterial communities using DNA metabarcoding data (16S rRNA). Samples were collected from frogs in-situ in Brunei, Borneo, a previously unsampled region for amphibian-related microbial diversity. Results Adult frogs differed in skin bacterial communities among species, but tadpoles did not differ among species. Foam nests had varying bacterial community composition, most notably in the nests’ moist interior. Nest interior bacterial communities were discrete for each nest and overall displayed a narrower diversity compared to the nest exteriors. Tadpoles sampled directly from the foam nest displayed a bacterial composition less like the nest interior and more similar to that of the adults and nest exterior. After one week of pond water interaction the tadpole skin microbiome shifted towards the tadpole skin and pond water microbial communities being more tightly coupled than between tadpoles and the internal nest environment, but not to the extent that the skin microbiome mirrored the pond bacterial community. Conclusions Both vertical influence and environmental interaction play a role in shaping the tadpole cutaneous microbiome. Interestingly, the interior of the foam nest had a distinct bacterial community from the tadpoles suggesting a limited environmental effect on tadpole cutaneous bacterial selection at initial stages of life. The shift in the tadpole microbiome after environmental interaction indicates an interplay between underlying host and ecological mechanisms that drive community formation. This survey serves as a baseline for further research into the ecology of microbial transmission in aquatic animals.

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