Identification of new sorghum genotypes resistant to the African and spotted stemborers

Muturi, P. W.; Mgonja, M.; Rubaihayo, Patrick

doi:10.1017/s1742758414000459

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Genomic data were imputed using the optimal imputation algorithm on the KDCompute server ( https://kdcompute.igss-africa.org/kdcompute/ ). The polymorphic information content (PIC), minor allele frequency (MAF), observed heterozygosity (H o ), genetic distance (GD), inbreeding coefficient (F is ), and fixation index (F st ) were estimated using the R package “adegenet” [ 37 ]. The population structure was determined by STRUCTURE2.3.4 software [ 38 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure and genetic diversity analyses of common bean germplasm collections of East and Southern Africa using morphological traits and high-density SNP markers

et al. 2020

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Knowledge of genetic diversity in plant germplasm and the relationship between genetic factors and phenotypic expression is vital for crop improvement. This study's objectives were to understand the extent of genetic diversity and population structure in 60 common bean genotypes from East and Southern Africa. The common bean genotypes exhibited significant (p<0.05) levels of variability for traits such as days to flowering (DTF), days to maturity (DTM), number of pods per plant (NPP), number of seeds per pod (NSP), and grain yield per hectare in kilograms (GYD). About 47.82 per cent of the variation among the genotypes was explained by seven principal components (PC) associated with the following agronomic traits: NPP, NFF (nodes to first flower), DTF, GH (growth habit) and GYD. The SNP markers revealed mean gene diversity and polymorphic information content values of 0.38 and 0.25, respectively, which suggested the presence of considerable genetic variation among the assessed genotypes. Analysis of molecular variance showed that 51% of the genetic variation were between the gene pools, while 49% of the variation were within the gene pools. The genotypes were delineated into two distinct groups through the population structure, cluster and phylogenetic analyses. Genetically divergent genotypes such as DRK57, MW3915, NUA59, and VTTT924/4-4 with high yield and agronomic potential were identified, which may be useful for common bean improvement.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure and genetic diversity analyses of common bean germplasm collections of East and Southern Africa using morphological traits and high-density SNP markers

et al. 2020

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“…Data on stem borer leaf feeding damage, deadheart incidence, number of exit holes, and stem tunnel length were scored as described by Muturi et al [ 7 ]. Morphological traits measured included leaf toughness, seedling vigour, bloom waxiness, leaf glossiness, and total grain yield as described by Kumar et al [ 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stem borer resistance is a polygenic trait controlled by many genes of small effects [ 6 ]. Grain sorghum with dual resistance to B. fusca and C. partellus has been reported [ 7 ]. There is no information about genomic regions associated with dual resistance to B. fusca and C. partellus in grain sorghum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QTL Mapping of Traits Associated with Dual Resistance to the African Stem Borer (Busseola fusca) and Spotted Stem Borer (Chilo partellus) in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

Muturi

Mgonja²,

Rubaihayo

et al. 2021

International Journal of Genomics

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Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is an important food crop in semi-arid tropics. The crop grain yield ranges from 0.5 t/ha to 0.8 t/ha compared to potential yields of 10 t/ha. The African stem borer Busseola fusca Fuller (Noctuidae) and the spotted stem borer Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Crambidae), are among the most economically important insect pests of sorghum. The two borers can cause 15% - 80% grain yield loss in sorghum. Mapping of QTLs associated with resistance traits to the two stem borers is important towards marker-assisted breeding. The objective of this study was to map QTLs associated with resistance traits to B. fusca and C. partellus in sorghum. 243 F9:10 sorghum RILs derived from ICSV 745 (S) and PB 15520-1 (R) were selected for the study with 4,955 SNP markers. The RILs were evaluated in three sites. Data was collected on leaf feeding, deadheart, exit holes, stem tunnels, leaf toughness, seedling vigour, bloom waxiness, and leaf glossiness. ANOVA for all the traits was done using Genstat statistical software. Insect damage traits and morphological traits were correlated using Pearson’s correlation coefficients. Genetic mapping was done using JoinMap 4 software, while QTL analysis was done using PLABQTL software. A likelihood odds ratio (LOD) score of 3.0 was used to declare linkage. Joint analyses across borer species and sites revealed 4 QTLs controlling deadheart formation; 6 controlling leaf feeding damage; 5 controlling exit holes and stem tunneling damages; 2 controlling bloom waxiness, leaf glossiness, and seedling vigour; 4 conditioning trichome density; and 6 conditioning leaf toughness. Joint analyses for B. fusca and C. partellus further revealed that marker CS132-2 colocalised for leaf toughness and stem tunneling traits on QTLs 1 and 2, respectively; thus, the two traits can be improved using the same linked marker. This study recommended further studies to identify gene(s) underlying the mapped QTLs.

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“…Classification of the sorghum lines into different categories was based on leaf damage, deadheart, exit holes and stem tunneling in 2010 long and short rain seasons (Muturi et al, 2012;Muturi et al, 2014). The test material was sown in an á-lattice design, consisting of sixteen plots in three blocks, replicated twice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of resistance traits to African stem borer in grain sorghum

Muturi¹,

Rubaihayo²,

Mgonja³

2019

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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The African stem borer (Busseola fusca [Fuller]) is an important insect pest of cereals, mainly maize, sorghum and millets. The pest causes up to 80% reduction in grain yield, depending on the pest population in the field, cultivar and the management practices employed. This reduction in yield translates into food insecurity, especially in semi-arid lands (ASALs) where sorghum is cultivated by small holder farmers. This study investigated the inheritance of resistance traits to the African stem borers in grain sorghum in Kenya. The experimental material consisted of seventeen sorghum lines with varying levels of resistance to the African stem borer. The mating design employed was North Calorina Design 2, where 15 sorghum lines were used as females on two males. The crosses were evaluated in two seasons at University of Embu farm in 2011/2012 short and long seasons replicated twice. Artificial infestation with African stem borer neonates was done 30 days after planting using a camel brush. Data collected included stem borer damage and agro-morphological traits. Genetic analyses were performed using a line x tester method using Genstat statistical software. It was found that both additive and non-additive gene effects were important in conditioning resistance traits to the African stem borer. This implies that expression of high leaf glossiness, plant vigour and bloom waxiness in F1 hybrids is conditioned by additive genes and these traits can be used as morphological markers to select for resistance to the borer in sorghum. ICSB 464 x ICSB 473 was the best combiner for stem borer resistance and grain yield. Parents ICSA 464, ICSB 464 and ICSB 474, were among the good combiners for resistance to the stem borer. These parents can be utilised in developing superior sorghum hybrids resistant to the insect pest.

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Identification of new sorghum genotypes resistant to the African and spotted stemborers

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Population structure and genetic diversity analyses of common bean germplasm collections of East and Southern Africa using morphological traits and high-density SNP markers

Population structure and genetic diversity analyses of common bean germplasm collections of East and Southern Africa using morphological traits and high-density SNP markers

QTL Mapping of Traits Associated with Dual Resistance to the African Stem Borer (Busseola fusca) and Spotted Stem Borer (Chilo partellus) in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

Inheritance of resistance traits to African stem borer in grain sorghum

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