Identification of MW Polyomavirus, a Novel Polyomavirus in Human Stool

Siebrasse, Erica A.; Reyes, Alejandro; Lim, Efrem S.; Zhao, Guoyan; Mkakosya, Rajhab Sawasawa; Manary, Mark J.; Gordon, Jeffrey I.; Wang, David

doi:10.1128/jvi.01210-12

Cited by 169 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Polyomaviruses and adenoviruses were also relatively common. We detected polyomaviruses MWPyV [9], Merkel Cell [10,11], human polyomavirus (HPyV)-6, HPyV7 [12], and JC [13]. The anelloviruses were found in all of the body sites except stool.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Metagenomic analysis of double-stranded DNA viruses in healthy adults

Wylie

Mihindukulasuriya²,

Zhou³

et al. 2014

BMC Biology

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Background: The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) was undertaken with the goal of defining microbial communities in and on the bodies of healthy individuals using high-throughput metagenomic sequencing analysis. The viruses present in these microbial communities, the 'human virome,' are an important aspect of the human microbiome that is particularly understudied in the absence of overt disease. We analyzed eukaryotic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses, together with dsDNA replicative intermediates of single-stranded DNA viruses, in metagenomic sequence data generated by the HMP. We studied 706 samples from 102 subjects were studied, with each subject sampled at up to five major body habitats: nose, skin, mouth, vagina, and stool. Fifty-one individuals had samples taken at two or three time points 30 to 359 days apart from at least one of the body habitats.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Metagenomic analysis of double-stranded DNA viruses in healthy adults

Wylie

Mihindukulasuriya²,

Zhou³

et al. 2014

BMC Biology

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“…Both HPyV6 and HPyV7 have been detected in urine, feces, and nasopharyngeal swabs in transplant recipients (Siebrasse et al 2012). Their relationships with a disease in immunosuppression or in malignant transformations have recently been indicated in few studies (Schrama et al 2014;Ho et al 2015).…”

Section: Hpyv6 and Hpyv7mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MWPyV was isolated from a stool sample of a healthy child from Malawi (Siebrasse et al 2012). In another study, Buck et al identified a virus in a specimen from a patient with warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis syndrome; the virus was named HPyV10 and showed 95%-99% similarity with MWPyV, suggesting that they were the same virus .…”

Section: Mwpyvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human polyomaviruses 6 and 7 (HPyV6 and HPyV7) were detected in human skin (Schowalter et al 2010) and HPyV9 in both serum and skin (Scuda et al 2011) and were named according to their order of discovery. Malawi polyomavirus (MWPyV) (Siebrasse et al 2012), also known as HPyV10 or Mexico polyomavirus (Yu et al 2012), was detected in stool and skin samples roughly simultaneous. Saint Louis polyomavirus (STLPyV) was detected in a clinical stool specimen (Lim et al 2013), HPyV12 in human liver tissue (Korup et al 2013), and New Jersey polyomavirus (NJPyV) in endothelium of a muscle biopsy from a pancreatic transplant recipient (Mishra et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Entry, infection, replication, and egress of human polyomaviruses: an update

Bhattacharjee

Chattaraj

2017

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Polyomaviruses (PyVs), belonging to the family Polyomaviridae, are a group of small, nonenveloped, double-stranded, circular DNA viruses widely distributed in the vertebrates. PyVs cause no apparent disease in adult laboratory mice but cause a wide variety of tumors when artificially inoculated into neonates or semipermissive animals. A few human PyVs, such as BK, JC, and Merkel cell PyVs, have been unequivocally linked to pathogenesis under conditions of immunosuppression. Infection is thought to occur early in life and persists for the lifespan of the host. Over evolutionary time scales, it appears that PyVs have slowly co-evolved with specific host animal lineages. Host cell surface glycoproteins and glycolipids seem to play a decisive role in the entry stage of viral infection and in channeling the virions to specific intracellular membrane-bound compartments and ultimately to the nucleus, where the genomes are replicated and packaged for release. Therefore the transport of the infecting virion or viral genome to this site of multiplication is an essential process in productive viral infection as well as in latent infection and transformation. This review summarizes the major findings related to the characterization of the nature of the interactions between PyV and host protein and their impact in host cell invasion.

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“…The human polyomaviruses JCPyV (2) and BKPyV (3) were discovered in 1971 and subsequently shown to be associated with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and polyomavirus-associated nephropathy, respectively. Remarkably, 10 new human polyomaviruses have been identified in the last 6 years (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). One of these, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), is the causative agent of Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the skin (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallographic and Glycan Microarray Analysis of Human Polyomavirus 9 VP1 Identifies N -Glycolyl Neuraminic Acid as a Receptor Candidate

Khan

Liu

Neu

et al. 2014

J Virol

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Human polyomavirus 9 (HPyV9) is a closely related homologue of simian B-lymphotropic polyomavirus (LPyV). In order to define the architecture and receptor binding properties of HPyV9, we solved high-resolution crystal structures of its major capsid protein, VP1, in complex with three putative oligosaccharide receptors identified by glycan microarray screening. Comparison of the properties of HPyV9 VP1 with the known structure and glycan-binding properties of LPyV VP1 revealed that both viruses engage short sialylated oligosaccharides, but small yet important differences in specificity were detected. Surprisingly, HPyV9 VP1 preferentially binds sialyllactosamine compounds terminating in 5-N-glycolyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) over those terminating in 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), whereas LPyV does not exhibit such a preference. The structural analysis demonstrated that HPyV9 makes specific contacts, via hydrogen bonds, with the extra hydroxyl group present in Neu5Gc. An equivalent hydrogen bond cannot be formed by LPyV VP1. IMPORTANCEThe most common sialic acid in humans is 5-N-acetyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), but various modifications give rise to more than 50 different sialic acid variants that decorate the cell surface. Unlike most mammals, humans cannot synthesize the sialic acid variant 5-N-glycolyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) due to a gene defect. Humans can, however, still acquire this compound from dietary sources. The role of Neu5Gc in receptor engagement and in defining viral tropism is only beginning to emerge, and structural analyses defining the differences in specificity for Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc are still rare. Using glycan microarray screening and high-resolution protein crystallography, we have examined the receptor specificity of a recently discovered human polyomavirus, HPyV9, and compared it to that of the closely related simian polyomavirus LPyV. Our study highlights critical differences in the specificities of both viruses, contributing to an enhanced understanding of the principles that underlie pathogen selectivity for modified sialic acids.

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Identification of MW Polyomavirus, a Novel Polyomavirus in Human Stool

Cited by 169 publications

References 47 publications

Metagenomic analysis of double-stranded DNA viruses in healthy adults

Metagenomic analysis of double-stranded DNA viruses in healthy adults

Entry, infection, replication, and egress of human polyomaviruses: an update

Crystallographic and Glycan Microarray Analysis of Human Polyomavirus 9 VP1 Identifies N -Glycolyl Neuraminic Acid as a Receptor Candidate

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