Identification of Monitoring Organ in Bivalves for Early Warning of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Accumulation

Meng, Deting; Shi, Jiaoxia; Li, Moli; Wei, Zhongcheng; Wang, Yangrui; Xu, Yiqiang; Li, Yubo; Bao, Zhenmin; Hu, Xiaoli

doi:10.1007/s11802-023-5402-2

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…As shown in Fig. 2 , the values of SOD and GST in the gonad was lower than that in the mantle, gill, and digestive gland, suggests limited activation of internal defense system 62 , 64 . In the case of MDA concentration, it increased continuously as the MaE concentration increased (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Adverse effects of Microcystis aeruginosa exudates on the filtration, digestion, and reproduction organs of benthic bivalve Corbicula fluminea

Hong,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Cyanobacteria bloom and the secondary metabolites released by the microorganism are extremely harmful to aquatic animals, yet study on their adverse effects in zoobenthos is rare. Corbicula fluminea widely distributed in freshwater environment with algal blooms. It is a typical filter feeding zoobenthos that may be affected by the secondary metabolites of cyanobacteria due to its high filtering rate. In this study, C. fluminea was exposed to Microcystis aeruginosa exudates (MaE) for 96 h, which was obtained from 5 × 105 cells/mL and 2.5 × 106 cells/mL exponential stage M. aeruginosa culture solution that represented cyanobacteria cell density needs environmental risk precaution control and emergent control, respectively. The responses of C. fluminea critical organs to MaE were analyzed and evaluated based on histopathological sections, antitoxicity biomarkers, and organ function biomarkers. The results showed that all the organs underwent structural disorders, cell vacuolization, apoptosis, and necrosis, and the damage levels increased as MaE concentration increased. The detoxification and antioxidant defense systems biomarkers in each organ response to MaE exposure differently and the level of reaction improved when MaE concentration increased. The siphon rate and acetylcholinesterase activity showed that the filtration function decreased significantly as the MaE concentration increased. Increased activity of glutathione S-transferase and amylase in the digestive gland indicate that it is the major detoxification organ of C. fluminea. Increased vitellogenin concentration and enlarged oocytes in the gonad indicate that MaE may have an estrogenic effect on C. fluminea. This study demonstrates that cyanobacteria threat benthic bivalves by inducing oxidative stress, inhibiting filtering feeding system, and disturbing digestion system and reproduction potential of C. fluminea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Adverse effects of Microcystis aeruginosa exudates on the filtration, digestion, and reproduction organs of benthic bivalve Corbicula fluminea

Hong,

Chen,

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…The typical C1Q domain can form a jam roll shape composed of 10 β-strands and eight conserved amino acid residues that exist in the center of the C1Q domain [ 40 ]. Expression analysis indicated that, in the adult tissues of P. yessoensis , PyC1QL4-1 was specifically expressed in the digestive gland ( Figure 5 B), which proved to be the most important organ for PST absorption in bivalves [ 21 ]. The specific and continuous upregulation of PyC1QL4-1 in the digestive glands suggests that PyC1QL4-1 might play an important role in PST responses in these PST-enriched tissues ( Figure 5 C).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous studies, the digestive gland was found to be the major center for PST accumulation in scallops [ 22 ] and also suitable for sensitive PST monitoring in bivalves [ 21 ]. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptomic responses of the digestive gland in P. yessoensis exposed to PST-producing algae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both A and B contain 2 mmolL −1 ammonium formate and 7.2 mmolL −1 formic acid (pH = 2.5). The elution time program followed the protocol described by Meng et al [ 21 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies showed that the digestive gland accumulated much more PST than other tissues in bivalves, and PST concentrations and toxicity levels in the digestive gland exhibited linear correlations with the whole soft-tissues. Thus, the digestive gland is a suitable organ for rapid and sensitive PST monitoring in bivalve [ 21 ] and for studying the response of bivalve to PST-producing algae [ 22 ]. Moreover, the accumulation of PST may induce oxidative stress, which results in an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant system [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Genes Involved in Oxidative Stress Responses of Scallop to PST-Producing Algae and a Candidate Biomarker for PST Monitoring

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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Paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) could be accumulated in bivalves and cause safety problems. To protect public health, bivalves are examined for PST contamination before entering the market, usually by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or LC-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the lab, which needs PST standards not all available and is time-consuming for large sample sizes. To detect PST toxicity in bivalves rapidly and sensitively, a biomarker gene is highly demanded, but the related study is very limited. In this study, we fed a commercially important bivalve, Patinopecten yessoensis, with the PST-producing dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. After 1, 3, and 5 days of exposure, both PST concentrations and toxicity levels in the digestive gland continuously increased. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in oxidation-reduction process, which included the cytochrome P450 genes (CYPs), type I iodothyronine deiodinase (IOD1s), peroxidasin (PXDN), and acyl-Coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) at day 1 and a superoxide dismutase (SOD) at day 5, highlighting the crucial roles of these genes in response to oxidative stress induced by PST. Among the 33 continuously upregulated genes, five showed a significant correlation between gene expression and PST concentration, with the highest correlation present in PyC1QL4-1, the gene encoding Complement C1Q-like protein 4, C1QL4. In addition, the correlation between PyC1QL4-1 expression and PST toxicity was also the highest. Further analysis in another aquaculture scallop (Chlamys farreri) indicated that the expression of CfC1QL4-1, the homolog of PyC1QL4-1, also exhibited significant correlations with both PST toxicity and concentration. Our results reveal the gene expression responses of scallop digestive glands to PST-producing algae and indicate that the C1QL4-1 gene might be a potential biomarker for PST monitoring in scallops, which may provide a convenient way for the early warning and sensitive detection of PST contamination in the bivalves.

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Paralytic shellfish toxins producing dinoflagellates cause dysbacteriosis in scallop gut microbial biofilms

Wei,

Zhao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Identification of Monitoring Organ in Bivalves for Early Warning of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins Accumulation

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Adverse effects of Microcystis aeruginosa exudates on the filtration, digestion, and reproduction organs of benthic bivalve Corbicula fluminea

Adverse effects of Microcystis aeruginosa exudates on the filtration, digestion, and reproduction organs of benthic bivalve Corbicula fluminea

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Genes Involved in Oxidative Stress Responses of Scallop to PST-Producing Algae and a Candidate Biomarker for PST Monitoring

Paralytic shellfish toxins producing dinoflagellates cause dysbacteriosis in scallop gut microbial biofilms

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