Identification of mitotic chromosomes of tuberous and non-tuberousSolanumspecies (Solanum tuberosumandSolanum brevidens) by GISH in their interspecific hybrids

Abstract

GISH (genomic in situ hybridization) was applied for the analysis of mitotic chromosome constitutions of somatic hybrids and their derivatives between dihaploid clones of cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) (2n = 2x = 24, AA genome) and the diploid, non-tuberous, wild species Solanum brevidens Phil. (2n = 2x = 24, EE genome). Of the primary somatic hybrids, both tetraploid (2n = 4x) and hexaploid (2n = 6x) plants were found with the genomic constitutions of AAEE and AAEEEE, respectively. Androgenic haploids (somatohaploids) derived from the tetraploid somatic hybrids had the genomic constitutions of AE (2n = 2x = 24) and haploids originating from the hexaploid hybrids were triploid AEE (2n = 3x = 33 and 2n = 3x = 36). As a result of subsequent somatic hybridization from a fusion between dihaploid S. tuberosum (2n = 2x = 24, genome AA) and a triploid somatohaploid (2n = 3x = 33, genome AEE), second-generation somatic hybrids were obtained. These somatic hybrids were pentaploids (2n = 5x, genome AAAEE), but had variable chromosome numbers. GISH analysis revealed that both primary and second-generation somatic hybrids had lost more chromosomes of S. brevidens than of S. tuberosum.

Plant biotechnology for deeper understanding, wider use and further development of agricultural and horticultural crops

“…Protoplasts of the dihaploid potato lines were also electrofused with protoplasts of the diploid, disease-resistant wild species S. brevidens and S. acaule to introduce novel genes to the breeding material (Rokka et al , 1998. Subsequently, the interspecific somatic hybrids were subjected to haploid-induction via anther culture in order to reduce their ploidy levels (Rokka et al 1995, Gavrilenko et al 2002. The new 'somatohaploid' plants were used for production of 'second-generation' somatic hybrids with dihaploid potato lines (Rokka et al 2000, Gavrilenko et al 2002.…”

“…Subsequently, the interspecific somatic hybrids were subjected to haploid-induction via anther culture in order to reduce their ploidy levels (Rokka et al 1995, Gavrilenko et al 2002. The new 'somatohaploid' plants were used for production of 'second-generation' somatic hybrids with dihaploid potato lines (Rokka et al 2000, Gavrilenko et al 2002. Hence, the cultivated potato gene pool and thereby fertility and chances to make sexual crosses with potato breeding lines were increased.…”

Genetic composition of interspecific potato somatic hybrids and autofused 4x plants evaluated by DArT and cytoplasmic DNA markers

“…Thus, the application of traditional cytogenetic analyses of metaphase chromosomes in potato, which relies on chromosome differentiation using techniques such as genome in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or GISH combined with FISH is quite difficult (Srebniak et al 2002; Iovene et al 2007). Based on these techniques, it has been possible to assess the genome composition of Solanum villosum (+) tbr (Tarwacka et al 2013) and to detect the loss of chromosomes of Solanum brevidens (+) tbr (Gavrilenko et al 2002) or alterations in the chromosomal structure of S. bulbocastanum (+) tbr (Iovene et al 2007). …”

Pairing analysis and in situ Hybridisation reveal autopolyploid-like behaviour in Solanum commersonii × S. tuberosum (potato) interspecific hybrids

“…GISH has been useful to discriminate potato chromosomes from those belonging to species from other Solanum sections like tomato (Jacobsen et al 1995;Garriga-Calderé et al 1997, 1998 or S. nigrum (Horsman et al 2001). Within section Petota, GISH has been successfully used for hybrids between S. tuberosum Group Tuberosum and non-tuber bearing potato relatives carrying the E genome (Matsubayashi 1991), like S. brevidens (Dong et al 2001;Gavrilenko et al 2002;Tek et al 2004;Dong et al 2005) or S. etuberosum (Dong et al 1999;Gavrilenko et al 2003). No successful GISH results have been reported for hybrids between potato and its closer A-genome tuberbearing wild relatives, with the exception of S. bulbocastanum, a diploid (1EBN, A b genome) Mexican species (Iovene et al 2007).…”

“…potato (Iovene et al 2007) and S. brevidens (?) potato hybrids (Dong et al 2001;Gavrilenko et al 2002;Dong et al 2005) and potato-S. brevidens chromosome substitution lines (Tek et al 2004). Cross-species BAC-FISH painting can be useful to compare chromosome-specific markers between one species and its relative (Dong et al 2000).…”