Identification of lymphatic vessels in malignant, adenomatous and normal colonic mucosa using the novel immunostain D2-40

Fogt, Franz; Zimmerman, R. L.; Ross, Hillary; Daly, Terri; Gausas, Roberta E.

doi:10.3892/or.11.1.47

Cited by 63 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…CD31 is a marker of endothelial cells and is also designated as "platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1" (PECAM-1). D2-40 is a relatively new immunohistochemical stain that has been demonstrated to label lymphatic endothelium, but it is not reactive with vascular endothelium [18,20]. Using D2-40 and CD31, microvessel counts in colorectal carcinoma correlate significantly with the presence of LVI and LNM [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Factors Effecting Lymphovascular Invasion in Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Rectum

et al. 2013

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Adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum are the most common gastrointestinal malignancy, and lymph node metastases are established as a prognostic factor. Lymphovascular invasion has been recognized as an indication of lymph node metastases. This prompted us to investigate the features of primary tumor that may serve as a risk factor for lymphovascular invasion in colorectal carcinoma. Clinical and pathologic tissue data of colorectal carcinoma treated in our hospital were retrieved from the computer files at Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, from June 1998 to December 2010, retrospectively. We excluded all patients who have two-thirds distal rectal carcinoma to rule out neoadjuvant treatment bias. Tissues from the specimens were stained with standard hematoxylin and eosin. Clinical data including age and sex of patient, location and diameter of tumor, perineural invasion, peritumoral lymphocytic infiltration, tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion, Pathologic T level (pT), and lymph node metastasis were recorded. Lymphovascular invasion was present only in 43 patients out of 108. Only pT and lymph node metastases were found to be statistically significant related to lymphovascular invasion (p=0.04 and p<0.001). Perineural invasion, pT, and peritumoral lymphocytic infiltration are the factors with p<0.2 in the univariate analysis that were investigated with multivariate analysis, but no factor was found as an independent prognostic factor for lymphovascular invasion. Lymphovascular invasion is significantly related to lymph node metastases. Only pT is found as a factor that increases the lymphovascular invasion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Factors Effecting Lymphovascular Invasion in Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Rectum

et al. 2013

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“…D2-40 has been demonstrated to recognize tumor-associated lymphatic vessels in many tumors. 19,20 In this study, we investigated the D2-40 lymphatic microvessel counts and VEGF expression as potential prognostic markers in a series of colorectal cancer patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphatic microvessel density as prognostic marker in colorectal cancer

et al. 2006

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Lymph node metastases is an important prognostic indicator for disease progression and crucial for therapeutic strategies in the work-up of colorectal carcinoma. In this study, we investigated tumor lymphangiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression as predictive markers for the risk of lymph node metastasis and their relation to other prognostic parameters in colorectal carcinoma. Resected colorectal carcinomas from 90 patients were examined, including 30 patients without lymph node metastases, 30 with only lymph node metastases, and 30 with liver metastases. Cases were immunostained for CD31, D2-40, and VEGF. Positivity stained microvessels were counted in densely vascular/lymphatic foci (hot spots) at Â 400 field ( ¼ 0.17 mm 2 ). Intensity of staining for VEGF was scored on a two-tiered scale. D2-40 lymphatic microvessel density demonstrated significant correlation with CD31 counts (2079 vs 1876/0.17 mm 2 field, Po0.05) and VEGF expression (Po0.01). VEGF was expressed in 61/90 (67%) cases. D2-40 identified lymphatic tumor invasion in 48/90 patients, which was greater than CD31 (37/90) and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) (31/90). There was a positive significant correlation of D2-40, CD31 counts, and VEGF expression with the presence of lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastases (Po0.05). D2-40 lymphatic microvessel density correlated significantly with depth of invasion (pT), positive vascular pedicle lymph nodes and liver metastases (Po0.05). In conclusion, D2-40 lymphatic microvessel density showed prognostic significance with positive correlation with lymphovascular invasion, pT, and metastases to lymph nodes and liver. Immunostaining with D2-40 enhances the detection of lymphatic invasion relative to H&E staining and the endothelial marker, CD31.

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“…Since the first description of its use in 1997 (Breiteneder-Geleff et al, 1997), this marker has been shown in numerous studies to allow a specific discrimination between lymphatic and vascular vessels in a very reliable manner. Furthermore, it works very well for IHC on paraffin sections (Fogt et al, 2004;Galambos and Nodit, 2005;Kerjaschki et al, 2006). Characterization of infiltrating cell populations and chemokines was performed using the following antibodies: monoclonal mouse anti-human CD68 (PG-M1, 1:1,000) and CD20 (L26, 1:1,000; Dako, Baar, Switzerland), CD27 (137B4, 1:50; Dianova, Hamburg, Germany), CD3 (F2.2.38, 1:100; Antikoerper-online, Aachen, Germany), and goat anti-human CXCL13 (polyclonal, 1:100; R&D, Abingdon, UK).…”

Section: Immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphangiogenesis Is Upregulated in Kidneys of Patients With Multiple Myeloma

Zimmer

Dahdal

Mühlfeld

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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Neolymphangiogenesis has recently been demonstrated in transplanted kidneys as well as in chronic interstitial nephritis and IgA nephropathy. However, its significance in kidney disease remains to be defined and a systematic study of renal lymphangiogenesis is warranted. We investigated patients with multiple myeloma (MM) presenting in the great majority with acute renal insufficiency. Controls were allograft kidney donors and patients with renal insufficiency due to acute renal failure (ARF). Lymph vessel length density (LVD) was quantified immunohistochemically by means of antipodoplanin staining followed by computer-assisted stereology. The mean LVD in kidneys of patients with MM (23.19 mm À2 ) was higher when compared with allograft donors (7.42 mm À2 , P ¼ 0.0003) and patients with ARF (6.78 mm À2 , P ¼ 0.0002). The higher LVD was significantly associated with interstitial inflammation, and the newly formed lymph vessels were accompanied by diffuse and nodular interstitial infiltrates composed mainly of CD20 þ B cells and CD27 þ plasma cells. The infiltrates in patients with MM also displayed a higher expression of the B-cell chemoattractant CXCL13. These results demonstrate for the first time that lymphangiogenesis is a prominent feature in MM kidneys and that it is associated with a significant accumulation of macrophages, CD20 þ and CD27 þ B lymphocytes. Further studies should clarify whether these changes represent a beneficial or detrimental factor in the progression of the myeloma-related kidney damage. Anat Rec, 293:1497Rec, 293: -1505

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Identification of lymphatic vessels in malignant, adenomatous and normal colonic mucosa using the novel immunostain D2-40

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

The Factors Effecting Lymphovascular Invasion in Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Rectum

The Factors Effecting Lymphovascular Invasion in Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Rectum

Lymphatic microvessel density as prognostic marker in colorectal cancer

Lymphangiogenesis Is Upregulated in Kidneys of Patients With Multiple Myeloma

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