Identification of Lipohemarthrosis With Point-of-Care Emergency Ultrasonography: Case Report and Brief Literature Review

Aponte, Elisa M.; Novik, Joseph

doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2012.07.062

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It is worth mentioning that metabolic syndrome is not the only scenario where FFAs and inflammation might affect OA development. After an intraarticular fracture, lipid infiltrations in the synovial fluid are often found, concomitant with acute synovial inflammation (). According to our results, saturated FFAs might contribute to the initial chondrocyte death and matrix degradation observed in affected areas immediately following joint injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitate Has Proapoptotic and Proinflammatory Effects on Articular Cartilage and Synergizes With Interleukin‐1

Álvarez-García

Rogers

Smith

et al. 2014

Arthritis & Rheumatology

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Objectives Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis (OA) that is associated with a state of low-grade inflammation, and increased circulating adipokines and free fatty acids (FFA). The aim of this study was to analyze effects of saturated (palmitate) and monounsaturated (oleate) free fatty acids (FFA) on articular chondrocytes and cartilage. Methods Human articular chondrocytes and fibroblast-like synoviocytes obtained from young healthy donors, and OA chondrocytes from patients undergoing total knee replacement were treated with palmitate or oleate alone or with interleukin 1-β (IL-1β). Cell viability, caspase activation, and gene expression of proinflammatory factors, extracellular matrix proteins, and extracellular proteases were studied. In addition, chondrocyte viability, interleukin-6 (IL-6) production and matrix damage were assessed in bovine and human articular cartilage explants cultured with FFA with or without IL-1β. Results Palmitate, but not oleate, induced caspase activation and cell death in IL-1β-stimulated normal chondrocytes, and upregulated il6 and cox2 expression in chondrocytes and fibroblast-like synoviocytes through toll-like receptor-4 signaling. In cartilage explants, palmitate induced chondrocyte death, IL-6 release and extracellular matrix degradation. Palmitate synergized with IL-1β in stimulating proapoptotic and proinflammatory cellular responses. Pharmacological inhibition of caspases or TLR-4 signaling reduced palmitate and IL-1β-induced cartilage damage. Conclusions Palmitate acts as a pro-inflammatory and catabolic factor that, in synergy with IL-1β, induces chondrocyte apoptosis and articular cartilage breakdown. Collectively, our data suggest that elevated levels of saturated FFA often found in obesity may contribute to OA pathogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palmitate Has Proapoptotic and Proinflammatory Effects on Articular Cartilage and Synergizes With Interleukin‐1

Álvarez-García

Rogers

Smith

et al. 2014

Arthritis & Rheumatology

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“…Ultrasound evaluation of knee trauma is not routine, but is used selectively in the context of point-of-care treatment in the emergency department to screen the suprapatellar pouch of the knee joint cavity when clinical suspicion is high for a radiographically occult fracture. [ 7 27 ] Direct detection of bony injury with ultrasound is poor, but identification of lipohemarthrosis leads to a presumption that an acute intra-articular fracture is present. [ 27 ] The sonographic appearance of lipohemarthrosis includes a non-dependent hyperechoic layer, an anechoic middle serum layer, and a dependent hypoechoic red blood cell precipitate layer.…”

Section: Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 5 6 ] Thus, lipohemarthrosis is an important sign, since knee trauma accounts for nearly 532,000 annual visits to the emergency department in the United States. [ 7 8 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic Extra-capsular and Intra-capsular Floating Fat: Fat-fluid Levels of the Knee Revisited

Davis

Vachhani

2015

Journal of Clinical Imaging Science

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Floating fat is a sign of acute bone injury at the knee following trauma. The goal of this article is to review the etiology, patterns, and mimickers of extra-capsular and intra-capsular floating fat, with the major emphasis on knee trauma in the acute setting. We will discuss the spectrum of multimodal imaging findings for rare presentations of extra-capsular floating fat, and contrast these with common and atypical forms of intra-capsular lipohemarthrosis, as an aid to the assessment of acute bone trauma at the knee.

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“…Hemarthrosis can be seen in imaging studies such as radiography, CT, or MRI. Point-of-care ultrasound can be used in emergencies when CT or radiography is not immediately available [7] . The management may vary slightly depending on the etiology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous atraumatic heparin-induced hemarthrosis in a patient treated for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Padda¹,

Fabian²,

Sebastian³

et al. 2023

Radiology Case Reports

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Identification of Lipohemarthrosis With Point-of-Care Emergency Ultrasonography: Case Report and Brief Literature Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Palmitate Has Proapoptotic and Proinflammatory Effects on Articular Cartilage and Synergizes With Interleukin‐1

Palmitate Has Proapoptotic and Proinflammatory Effects on Articular Cartilage and Synergizes With Interleukin‐1

Traumatic Extra-capsular and Intra-capsular Floating Fat: Fat-fluid Levels of the Knee Revisited

Spontaneous atraumatic heparin-induced hemarthrosis in a patient treated for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction

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