Identification of lead sources in residential environments: Sydney Australia

Laidlaw, Mark A.S.; Zahran, Sammy; Pingitore, Nicholas E.; Clague, J. W.; Devlin, Glyn L.; Taylor, Mark Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.003

Cited by 80 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Consumption of fine soil and dust particulates, especially by young children, is the dominant route of exposure for lead and other contaminants (Laidlaw et al 2014; Landrigan et al 1975; Lanphear et al 1998, 2003). Childhood soil and dust ingestion occurs via multiple pathways, including hand-to-mouth transfer, mouthing of objects, and contaminated food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Children’s Soil/Dust Ingestion Rates through Retrospective Analyses of Blood Lead Biomonitoring from the Bunker Hill Superfund Site in Idaho

Lindern¹,

Spalinger²,

Stifelman

et al. 2016

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:Soil/dust ingestion rates are important variables in assessing children’s health risks in contaminated environments. Current estimates are based largely on soil tracer methodology, which is limited by analytical uncertainty, small sample size, and short study duration.Objectives:The objective was to estimate site-specific soil/dust ingestion rates through reevaluation of the lead absorption dose–response relationship using new bioavailability data from the Bunker Hill Mining and Metallurgical Complex Superfund Site (BHSS) in Idaho, USA.Methods:The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in vitro bioavailability methodology was applied to archived BHSS soil and dust samples. Using age-specific biokinetic slope factors, we related bioavailable lead from these sources to children’s blood lead levels (BLLs) monitored during cleanup from 1988 through 2002. Quantitative regression analyses and exposure assessment guidance were used to develop candidate soil/dust source partition scenarios estimating lead intake, allowing estimation of age-specific soil/dust ingestion rates. These ingestion rate and bioavailability estimates were simultaneously applied to the U.S. EPA Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children to determine those combinations best approximating observed BLLs.Results:Absolute soil and house dust bioavailability averaged 33% (SD ± 4%) and 28% (SD ± 6%), respectively. Estimated BHSS age-specific soil/dust ingestion rates are 86–94 mg/day for 6-month- to 2-year-old children and 51–67 mg/day for 2- to 9-year-old children.Conclusions:Soil/dust ingestion rate estimates for 1- to 9-year-old children at the BHSS are lower than those commonly used in human health risk assessment. A substantial component of children’s exposure comes from sources beyond the immediate home environment.Citation:von Lindern I, Spalinger S, Stifelman ML, Stanek LW, Bartrem C. 2016. Estimating children’s soil/dust ingestion rates through retrospective analyses of blood lead biomonitoring from the Bunker Hill Superfund Site in Idaho. Environ Health Perspect 124:1462–1470; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510144

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Children’s Soil/Dust Ingestion Rates through Retrospective Analyses of Blood Lead Biomonitoring from the Bunker Hill Superfund Site in Idaho

Lindern¹,

Spalinger²,

Stifelman

et al. 2016

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, in the case of house 426 dust it is important to note that Pb in this material may well not reflect the primary product of smelter 427 emissions but may well be Pb originally deposited onto soils and then resuspended through the formation 428 of dust from these soils and deposited into the sampled houses (Laidlaw et al, 2014).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic provenancing of Pb in Mitrovica, northern Kosovo: Source identification of chronic Pb enrichment in soils, house dust and scalp hair

Brewer

Bird

Macklin

2016

Applied Geochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

20Mitrovica, northern Kosovo, is the site of some of the highest Pb concentrations reported in human 21 populations; exemplified by Pb concentrations in scalp hair of up to 130 µg g -1 and widely-publicized of Pb-22 related ill-health and mortality amongst internally displaced populations. High human Pb burdens are 23 accompanied by elevated concentrations of potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in soils and house dust 24 within the city, which has a long history of mining and metallurgy. In this study enrichment-levels for PHEs 25 in soils are quantified and compared to environmental quality guidelines and a statistically-derived 26 estimation of background concentration. In addition, Pb isotopes (

show abstract

“…Studies of this kind were carried out for example in Greece The results of all studies show that the source of interior dust lead was primarily from soil (Laidlaw et al, 2014). There are also reveal that the risk from oral exposure is much higher than the risk from inhalation and dermal contact with house dust.…”

Section: House Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Exposure and Environmental Health

Patočka¹,

Kuča²

2016

MMSL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryLead (Pb), which is widely used in industry, is a common element found in low concentrations in the Earth's crust. Lead has been used since prehistoric times. As a highly toxic heavy metal, the pollution and exposure risks of lead are of widespread concern for human health. This environmental contaminant causing irreversible health effects mainly in children. Especially children under the age of six are most at risk for lead poisoning. Lead toxicity causes hematological, gastrointestinal, and neurological dysfunction. Symptoms are usually noted with blood lead greater than 2 μmol/litre. Severe or prolonged exposure may also cause chronic nephropathy, hypertension, and reproductive impairment. Lead inhibits some enzymes, alters cellular calcium metabolism, stimulates synthesis of binding proteins in kidney, brain, and bone, and slows down nerve conduction. The emission sources and pathological effects of lead are discussed.

show abstract

Identification of lead sources in residential environments: Sydney Australia

Cited by 80 publications

References 31 publications

Estimating Children’s Soil/Dust Ingestion Rates through Retrospective Analyses of Blood Lead Biomonitoring from the Bunker Hill Superfund Site in Idaho

Estimating Children’s Soil/Dust Ingestion Rates through Retrospective Analyses of Blood Lead Biomonitoring from the Bunker Hill Superfund Site in Idaho

Isotopic provenancing of Pb in Mitrovica, northern Kosovo: Source identification of chronic Pb enrichment in soils, house dust and scalp hair

Lead Exposure and Environmental Health

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About