Identification of Kenyan Armillaria isolates by cultural morphology, intersterility tests and analysis of isozyme profiles

Mwangi, L. M.; Lin, David Pei-Cheng; Hubbes, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.1989.tb00277.x

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although the molecular taxonomic studies presented in this report, based only on endonuclease restrictions, are not sufficient to support species assignments, they are in complete agreement with the morphological and biochemical data carried out by other researchers (Agustian et al, 1994;Guillaumin et al, 1994;Mohammed and Guillaumin, 1993;Mwangi et al, 1989), and should establish a firm framework on which future studies can be based.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Species delimitation in the African Armillaria complex by analysis of the ribosomal DNA spacers.

Chillali¹,

Idder-Ighili²,

Agustian

et al. 1997

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Thirteen Armillaria isolates, collected from various geographical areas in tropical Africa and previously characterized by cultural morphology, pairing tests and isozyme analysis, were evaluated using the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). DNA regions corresponding to the intergenic spacer (IGS) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were amplified and analyzed by restriction enzyme digestion. The IGS amplification products were about 875 by long and uniform in length among the isolates. The amplified-ITS region showed two different lengths corresponding to two groups. The first group included the isolates believed to belong to A. mellea ssp. africana and two Kenyan isolates (K11 and K12) belonging to a yet unnamed biological species. The second group included isolates identified as A. heimii and a Tanzanian isolate (T7). Each length variant of the ITS showed distinct RFLP banding patterns. Digestion with EcoRI confirmed the two polymorlphic groups while the endonucleases Alul and Ndell discriminated the A. mellea isolates from the Kenyan isolates K11 and K12. In addition, the latter enzyme showed a slight dissimilarity between the A. heimii isolates from Western and Eastern Africa (C1 and Z1). Digestion with Hinfl cleaved the isolates of A. heimii into two sub-groups corresponding to the heterothallic and homothallic forms. This endonuclease also indicated that the isolate T7, originating from Tanzania, was clearly similar to the heterothallic species A. heimii. Data presented support the maintenance of three distinct species of Armillaria in tropical Africa with A. heimii as a variable species, the isolates of which were separated in accordance with their sexual system. The results indicate that PCR-RFLP can be used as a simple and speedy taxonomical tool for the ecological studies of Armillaria species. Armillaria is a genus of root-infecting fungi with worldwide distribution consisting of a number of distinct species. The number of these species in the world is about 30. Taxonomical studies of African Armillaria have included a wide range of investigation techniques such as observations of cultural characteristics (vegetative mat morphology, production of subterranean rhizomorphs, morphology of fruit bodies, and monospore isolates obtained in vitro) and pairing tests

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Species delimitation in the African Armillaria complex by analysis of the ribosomal DNA spacers.

Chillali¹,

Idder-Ighili²,

Agustian

et al. 1997

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…Clade B comprises the closest matches from Basidiomata of Armillaria were found only in one tea plantation located at a high altitude (2180 m) in Kericho and they corresponded to Group I. This confirms that natural fructification by the fungus occurs rarely in Africa and may be limited to the cooler areas of the continent , Mwangi et al 1994. The description of the basidiomata conforms to that of A. heimii (Heim 1963, Pegler 1977 except for the stipe size, which was slightly larger (4.5-5.2 ϫ 3-6.5 mm) compared to the original description (2.5-4.5 ϫ 2-3 mm).…”

Section: Dna Amplification and Polymorphismsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Somatic incompatibility has been used to distinguish isolates of African Armillaria (Abomo-Ndongo and Guillaumin 1997). However, most attempts to characterize these have tended to employ methods that do not depend on the presence of basidiomata or haploid forms; e.g., techniques based on the use of isozyme electrophoresis (Mwangi et al 1989, Agustian et al 1994, Mwenje and Ride 1996, molecular markers such as DNA restriction fragment polymorphisms (Anderson et al 1987, Smith andAnderson 1989), RAPD (Mohammed 1994), nuclear DNA-DNA homology ( Jahnke et al 1987), and DNA sequence analysis (Anderson and Stasovski 1992). Analysis of the ribosomal DNA spacers, ITS and IGS, from Armillaria isolates collected from various geographical areas in tropical Africa discriminated A. mellea, A. heimii and a possible new species (Chillalli et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization ofArmillariaisolates from tea (Camellia sinensis) in Kenya

Otieno¹,

Sierra

Termorshuizen

2003

Mycologia

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Abstract:Armillaria is a primary root rot pathogen of tea (Camellia sinensis) in Kenya. The main species presently described in this country are A. mellea and A. heimii. A survey covering fourteen districts of Kenya was carried out and forty-seven isolates of Armillaria collected. Cultural morphology, rhizomorph characteristics, somatic incompatibility and features of basidiomata were used to characterize the isolates, together with molecular analysis based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the intergenic spacer (IGS) regions and sequence of the IGS region. It can be concluded that two Armillaria species were present and they were different from A. mellea. The first group was morphologically similar to A. heimii but this was contradicted by the molecular data, suggesting that A. heimii could be a complex of several species. The second group was different from the first and morphological and molecular data strongly suggest that it could be a new Armillaria species.

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“…Diploid isolates are listed in Table 1. For DNA extraction, the isolates were cultured in a liquid synthetic medium (Mwangi et al, 1989) at 25~ in the dark for 2-3 wk. The mycelia were harvested and frozen in liquid nitrogen, then freeze-dried.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Armillaria species from Hokkaido by analysis of the intergenic spacer (IGS) region of ribosomal DNA using PCR-RFLP

et al. 1998

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The intergenic spacer (IGS) region, which is located between the 3' end of 26S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and the 5' end of 5S rDNA, of six Armillaria species from Hokkaido was investigated using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP). Restriction with only Alu I could distinguish A. mellea subsp, nipponica from the other species. With Alu I and Dde I, A. ostoyae and A. gallica could be distinguished from the other species. Digestion with Alu I resulted in two patterns (types A and B) of A. singula and three patterns (types A, B, and C) of A.[ezoensis. One pattern (type B) of the former species and two patterns (types B and C) of the latter species were each different from those of the other species. Armillaria sinapina gave only one Alu I digestion pattern, which was identical to that of A. jezoensis (type A) and A. singula (type A). However, by digestion with Dde I, A. singula (type A) could be distinguished from A. jezoensis (type A) and A. sinapina.

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Identification of Kenyan Armillaria isolates by cultural morphology, intersterility tests and analysis of isozyme profiles

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Species delimitation in the African Armillaria complex by analysis of the ribosomal DNA spacers.

Species delimitation in the African Armillaria complex by analysis of the ribosomal DNA spacers.

Characterization ofArmillariaisolates from tea (Camellia sinensis) in Kenya

Identification of Armillaria species from Hokkaido by analysis of the intergenic spacer (IGS) region of ribosomal DNA using PCR-RFLP

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