Identification of iron-gall inks in historical drawings by Fibre Optics Reflection Spectroscopy – Extension to the NIR spectral range

Reháková, Milena; Gál, Lukáš; Belovičová, Michaela; Oravec, Michal; Dvonka, Vladimír; Stojkovičová, Danica; Čeppan, Michal

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2017.03.005

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Analyses have been performed using imaging methods, such as Infrared Reflectography (IRR) 10 , 17 , UV-reflectance and induced fluorescence imaging 10 , and visible and near-infrared multi- and hyper-spectral imaging 18 . Single-sited and mapping methods, such as X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging (XRF and MA-XRF) 8 , 10 , 11 , 19 , 20 , Fibre Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS) 8 , 21 , Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies 9 , 11 , 22 , as well as particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) 17 , 23 , 24 , and synchrotron-based techniques 25 provide chemical characterization of the materials that profitably integrates with imaging data. The application of multivariate analysis on imaging 7 or spectroscopic data aids to highlight and discriminate close-related materials, such as carbon-based black media 26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive contactless analysis of an early drawing by Raffaello Sanzio by means of optical methods

Balbas

Fovo

Montalbano

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Studying highly valuable and fragile Renaissance drawings requires a non-invasive contactless analytical approach. In this work, we study an early drawing by Raffaello Sanzio, one of the most important artists of the Italian Renaissance, realized during his stay in Florence (1504–1508). Our analyses aimed to reveal the features of the paper support significant for its dating, identify and map the drawing media to understand the artist’s technical approach, and document the drawing condition with imaging and single-sited optical methods. Reflectance Vis–NIR multispectral imaging spectroscopy elaborated with False-Colour and Principal Component Analysis provided information about the paper support and the drawing media. Laser scanning micro-profilometry and Optical Coherence Tomography allowed revealing the superficial micro-scale features of the support. The chemical composition of the different drawing materials was characterized by μ-Raman spectroscopy, which provided also some evidence of the conservation history of the drawing. Integration of spectroscopic and imaging data shows that Raffaello used different dry drawing media (carbon-based and Pb stylus) to sketch the figure and then refined the details and shadows with iron-gall ink. The paper presents a methodological approach for the analytical examination of fragile paper artworks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-invasive contactless analysis of an early drawing by Raffaello Sanzio by means of optical methods

Balbas

Fovo

Montalbano

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some spectrophotometers such as FORS methodology provides the possibility to collect reflectance spectra from very small areas of the surface of paintings. Furthermore, this technique is easily portable, lightweight, compact, low-cost, high speed, and easy to use [15,16]. This identification method is very useful for the characterization of pure pigment in artworks [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of pigments in artworks by inverse tangent derivative of spectrum and a new filtering method

Fazlali

Kandi

2020

Herit Sci

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Employing an economical and non-destructive method for identifying pigments utilized in artworks is a significant aspect for preserving their antiquity value. One of the non-destructive methods for this purpose is spectrophotometry, which is based on the selected absorption of light. Mathematical descriptive methods such as derivatives of the reflectance spectrum, the Kubelka–Munk function and logarithm have been employed for the characterization of the peak features corresponding to the spectrophotometric data. In the present study, the mentioned mathematical descriptive methods were investigated with the aim to characterize the constituents of an Iranian artwork but were not efficient for the samples. Therefore, inverse tangent derivative equation was developed on spectral data for the first time, providing considerable details in the profile of reflectance curves. In the next part, to have a simpler and more practical method it was suggested to use filters made up of pure pigments. By using these filters and placing them on the samples, imaging was done. Then, images of samples with and without filter were evaluated and pure pigments were distinguished. The mentioned methods were also used to identify pigments in a modern Iranian painting specimen. The results confirmed these methods with reliable answers indicating that physical methods (alongside chemical methods) can also be effective in determining the types of pigments.

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“…Some spectrophotometers such as FORS is a feasible method due to not harming the specimen and giving a re ection spectrum of more than two microns, which can be used for many samples, even in small dimensions. Also, it is easily removable, light-weight, compact, low-cost, high speed, and easy to use [9], [27]. This device operates based on selective light absorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of pigments in artworks by inverse tangent derivative of spectrum and a new filtering method

Fazlali

Kandi

2020

Preprint

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Nowadays, employing an economical and non-destructive method for identifying pigments utilized in the artworks is vital due to their antiquity value. One of the non-destructive methods for this purpose is spectrophotometry, which is based on the selected absorption of light. Mathematical descriptive methods such as derivatives of the reflectance spectrum, the Kubelka-Munk function and logarithm are being used to clarify the spectrophotometric data. In the present study, the mentioned mathematical descriptive methods were applied to identify the most common pigments used in Iranian artwork but were not efficient for the samples. Therefore, inverse tangent derivative equation was used on spectral data for the first time and a considerable difference in the profile of reflectance curves was found. In the next part, to have a simpler and more practical method it was suggested to use filters made up of pure pigments. By using these filters and placing them on the samples, imaging was done. Then, images of samples with and without filter were evaluated and pure pigments were distinguished. The mentioned methods were also exerted to identify pigments in a modern Iranian art painting specimen. The results confirmed that these methods provide reliable answers indicating that physical methods (alongside chemical methods) can also be effective in determining the types of pigments.

show abstract

Identification of iron-gall inks in historical drawings by Fibre Optics Reflection Spectroscopy – Extension to the NIR spectral range

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Non-invasive contactless analysis of an early drawing by Raffaello Sanzio by means of optical methods

Non-invasive contactless analysis of an early drawing by Raffaello Sanzio by means of optical methods

Identification of pigments in artworks by inverse tangent derivative of spectrum and a new filtering method

Identification of pigments in artworks by inverse tangent derivative of spectrum and a new filtering method

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