“…Analyses have been performed using imaging methods, such as Infrared Reflectography (IRR) 10 , 17 , UV-reflectance and induced fluorescence imaging 10 , and visible and near-infrared multi- and hyper-spectral imaging 18 . Single-sited and mapping methods, such as X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging (XRF and MA-XRF) 8 , 10 , 11 , 19 , 20 , Fibre Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS) 8 , 21 , Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies 9 , 11 , 22 , as well as particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) 17 , 23 , 24 , and synchrotron-based techniques 25 provide chemical characterization of the materials that profitably integrates with imaging data. The application of multivariate analysis on imaging 7 or spectroscopic data aids to highlight and discriminate close-related materials, such as carbon-based black media 26 .…”