Identification ofTomato ringspot virus(ToRSV) on apple in Iran

Abstract

Apple (Malus domestica) showing vein yellowing was identified as a natural host of ToRSV in Iran. Mechanical inoculation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-positive samples on Chenopodium spp. and Nicotiana tabacum induced local lesions and systemic infection, respectively. Transmission from the ToRSV-infected tobacco onto apple seedlings resulted in systemic infection and vein yellowing with positive reaction in ELISA. This is the first report of ToRSV on apple in Iran.

Investigation of Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) by Real-Time TaqMan RT-PCR in Hakkari province, Turkey

“…The damage caused on plants by this virus has encouraged us to work on it. ToRSV spreading from North America to other parts of the world, is also reported from Netherlands, Chile, Australia, Iran (Samuitiene et al 2003;Moini 2010;Sokhansanj et al 2012;Rivera et al 2016;Roberts et al 2018).…”

“…ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and DAS-ELISA (Double-Antibody Sandwich Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) can be used for serological diagnosis of ToRSV. Moini (2010) detected ToRSV by ELISA method in the leaf samples collected from apples in the north-east of Iran. The genome of most plant viruses consists of RNA.…”

Türkiye'den Domates Halkalı Leke Virüsü İzolatlarının Kısmi RdRp Genlerinin Moleküler Karakterizasyonu

“…We conceived that the geographical position of Hakkari could be the reason for this situation. The studies conducted in Iran by using ELISA, DAS-ELISA, Dot Blot Hybridization and RT-PCR reported that ToRSV was detected in 20% of apple, walnut, rose, almond, tomato, tabasco, pepper, and eggplant plants (Moini, 2010;Moini et al, 2010;Safaeizadeh and Saidi, 2011;Sattary et al, 2011;. Here, it was presumed that the host differences in the study may affect the results.…”

“…ToRSV isolates infect herbaceous hosts with varying degrees of virulence (Bitterlin et al, 1987;Wang and Sanfaçon, 2000;Li et al, 2011). Previous studies have shown the presence of ToRSV in some deciduous fruit trees, rose, almond, grapevine, apple, soybean, tomato and eggplant in Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Alabama and Latvia (Abou Ghanem-Sabanadzovic et al, 2003;Pourrahim et al, 2004;Golnaraghi et al, 2004;Massumi et al, 2009;Al-Nsour et al, 2010;Coneva et al, 2010;Moini, 2010;Moini et al, 2010;Sattary et al, 2011;Safaizadeh and Saidi, 2011;Gospodaryk et al 2013;Farmahini et al, 2014). The detection and molecular characterization of ToRSV isolates is significant for understanding the epidemiology of the virus and management of the diseases caused by this virus.…”