Identification of <i>Lonepinella</i> sp. in Koala Bite Wound Infections, Queensland, Australia

Sinclair, Holly A.; Chapman, Paul R.; Omaleki, Lida; Bergh, Haakon; Turni, Conny; Blackall, P. J.; Papacostas, Lindsey; Braslins, Phillip G.; Sowden, David; Nimmo, Graeme R.

doi:10.3201/eid2501.171359

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Several of these factors are characteristic for pathogenic bacteria ( Craig, Pique & Tainer, 2004 ). Here it is worth noting that a Gram-negative bacterium that was assigned to the genus Lonepinella based on 16S rRNA gene sequences caused a human wound infection after a wildlife worker had been bitten by a koala ( Sinclair et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and sequence-based characterization of a koala symbiont: Lonepinella koalarum

Dahlhausen

Jospin

Coil

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) are highly specialized herbivorous marsupials that feed almost exclusively on Eucalyptus leaves, which are known to contain varying concentrations of many different toxic chemical compounds. The literature suggests that Lonepinella koalarum, a bacterium in the Pasteurellaceae family, can break down some of these toxic chemical compounds. Furthermore, in a previous study, we identified L. koalarum as the most predictive taxon of koala survival during antibiotic treatment. Therefore, we believe that this bacterium may be important for koala health. Here, we isolated a strain of L. koalarum from a healthy koala female and sequenced its genome using a combination of short-read and long-read sequencing. We placed the genome assembly into a phylogenetic tree based on 120 genome markers using the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB), which currently does not include any L. koalarum assemblies. Our genome assembly fell in the middle of a group of Haemophilus, Pasteurella and Basfia species. According to average nucleotide identity and a 16S rRNA gene tree, the closest relative of our isolate is L. koalarum strain Y17189. Then, we annotated the gene sequences and compared them to 55 closely related, publicly available genomes. Several genes that are known to be involved in carbohydrate metabolism could exclusively be found in L. koalarum relative to the other taxa in the pangenome, including glycoside hydrolase families GH2, GH31, GH32, GH43 and GH77. Among the predicted genes of L. koalarum were 79 candidates putatively involved in the degradation of plant secondary metabolites. Additionally, several genes coding for amino acid variants were found that had been shown to confer antibiotic resistance in other bacterial species against pulvomycin, beta-lactam antibiotics and the antibiotic efflux pump KpnH. In summary, this genetic characterization allows us to build hypotheses to explore the potentially beneficial role that L. koalarum might play in the koala intestinal microbiome. Characterizing and understanding beneficial symbionts at the whole genome level is important for the development of anti- and probiotic treatments for koalas, a highly threatened species due to habitat loss, wildfires, and high prevalence of Chlamydia infections.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and sequence-based characterization of a koala symbiont: Lonepinella koalarum

Dahlhausen

Jospin

Coil

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…7 ). Furthermore, Lonepinella koalarum , a Gram-negative bacterium found in koala feces, breaks down tannin protein complexes ( 45 ). This is a single species of the genus Lonepinella , which belongs to the Pasteurellaceae family.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Age Affects the Gut Microbiota and Immune System in Captive Koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus )

Chen

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

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“…In addition, the recN sequence from the Lonepinella -like isolates previously obtained from a human wound infection (Sinclair et al 2019) was used as the query fasta file for extraction of the recN gene sequences from the draft assemblies using BLASTn version 2.2.31+ as previously described (Omaleki et al 2020). The sequence was then compared to those of the human wound infection, the Lonepinella koalarum type strain, ACM3666, as well as isolates previously obtained from the oral cavity of koalas (Table 1; Chong et al 2020) with the recN from Actinobacillus porcinus NM319 as the outgroup.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2019, Lonepinella -like isolates were associated with human wound infections following koala bites (Sinclair et al 2019). Additionally, 22 bacterial isolates from the oral cavity of apparently healthy koalas from wildlife centers in Australia were investigated by amplification, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis of two housekeeping genes, rpoA and recN , with the majority not being able to be taxonomically assigned to any named species within the Pasteurellaceae family (Chong et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lonepinella Sp. Isolated From Wound Infections of Koalas

Omaleki

Blyde

Hanger

et al. 2023

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Identification of Lonepinella sp. in Koala Bite Wound Infections, Queensland, Australia

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Isolation and sequence-based characterization of a koala symbiont: Lonepinella koalarum

Isolation and sequence-based characterization of a koala symbiont: Lonepinella koalarum

Animal Age Affects the Gut Microbiota and Immune System in Captive Koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus )

Lonepinella Sp. Isolated From Wound Infections of Koalas

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