Identification of<i>Candida</i>Species Associated with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis by Multiplex PCR

Rad, Mahnaz Mahmoudi; Zafarghandi, Ameneh Sh; Zabihi, Maryam Amel; Tavallaee, Mahkam; Mirdamadi, Yasaman

doi:10.1155/2012/872169

Cited by 51 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Candida spp, most commonly C. albicans is a commensal of the vaginal flora in 20%-50% of women, but there has been an increasing trend in isolation of C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis from patients with symptomatic vulvovaginitis and their increasing resistance to commonly used antifungal drugs [5]. In this context, C. auris isolated in this patient and the association with drug resistance and virulence traits hints towards its increasing pathogenicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The isolate grew at 42°C but failed to grow at 45°C. Due to unavailability of automated methods and a known confirmatory method, molecular identification methods by amplifying a conserved portion of 18SrDNA region, adjacent ITS1and a portion of the 28SrDNA were performed,as described elsewhere [5]. On visualization, a band of approximately 479 bp (which was slightly lower than that for C. glabrata) was seen ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Itraconazole-resistant Candida auris with phospholipase, proteinase and hemolysin activity from a case of vulvovaginitis

Kumar

Banerjee

Pratap

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Since the emergence of pathogenic non-albicans Candida species, a number of new isolates have been added to the list. One such unusual species is Candida auris (C. auris), recently isolated and studied in few reports. In this study, a case of vulvovaginitis caused by Candida auris incidentally identified by molecular methods using internal transcribed spacer polymerase chain reaction (ITS PCR) is described. Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed the isolate to be resistant to itraconazole (MIC ≥ 2 µg/ml) and expressed important virulence factors including phospholipase, proteinase and hemolysin activity. The patient was successfully treated with oral fluconazole and did not have any invasive fungemia. Very few cases of this emerging pathogen have been reported. However, its isolation from clinical specimens reveals the significance of nonalbicans candida species over C. albicans and the diversity of Candida spp causing infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Itraconazole-resistant Candida auris with phospholipase, proteinase and hemolysin activity from a case of vulvovaginitis

Kumar

Banerjee

Pratap

et al. 2015

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…Reports have suggested that approximately 75% of women over 25 years of age complain of at least one episode of physician-approved vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) during their lifetime, with at least 5% of these cases recurring at least 4 times in a oneyear period. However, asymptomatic microorganism colonization can occur in 25 to 50% of the cases (Mahmoudi Rad et al, 2012;Mascarenhas, et al, 2012). Candida albicans is the most common and clinically relevant pathogen that is responsible for 85-90% of the VVC cases (Mahmoudi Rad et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, asymptomatic microorganism colonization can occur in 25 to 50% of the cases (Mahmoudi Rad et al, 2012;Mascarenhas, et al, 2012). Candida albicans is the most common and clinically relevant pathogen that is responsible for 85-90% of the VVC cases (Mahmoudi Rad et al, 2012). However, other species of Candida, including Candida dubliniensis, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, and Candida parapsilosis, have been the focus of increasing research over the past few years, due to the development of resistance to first line antifungal treatment strategies (Tortorano, et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, and ERG11 mutations of Candida species isolated from pregnant Chinese Han women

Yang

Xin

et al. 2016

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The widespread use of antifungal agents has led to increasing azole resistance in Candida species. A major azole-resistance mechanism involves point mutations in the ERG11 gene, which encodes cytochrome P450 lanosterol 14a-demethylase. In this study, vaginal swabs were obtained from 657 pregnant Chinese Han women and cultured appropriately. The open reading frame of the obtained fungal species were amplified by PCR and sequenced; additionally, the ERG11 gene of the isolated Candida species was amplified and sequenced, and the antifungal susceptibility of the isolated species was determined. The vaginal swabs of 124 women produced fungal cultures; five species of Candida were isolated from the patients, among which Candida albicans was predominant. Twelve C. albicans isolates (13.8%) were resistant to fluconazole and 2 (2.2%) were resistant to itraconazole. Seventeen mutations, including 9 silent and 8 missense mutations, were identified in the ERG11 gene of 31 C. albicans isolates. Our findings suggest that infection caused by C. albicans and non-C. albicansis common in Chinese Han women of reproductive age. Moreover, the relationship between Candida infection and certain epidemiological factors emphasizes the need to educate women about the precise diagnosis and punctual treatment of vaginitis.

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“…[7][8][9] Candida albicans is responsible for 65-90% of vaginal Candida species infections, and non-albicans Candida species are responsible for up to 30%. [10][11][12] Trichomoniasis is the most common curable sexually transmitted infection in the world. 1 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends use of molecular tests for diagnosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Validation of a Test for the Diagnosis of Vaginitis: Correction

2017

Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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OBJECTIVE-Vaginitis may be diagnosed as bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, trichomoniasis, or coinfection. A new molecular test assays the vaginal microbiome and organisms that cause three common infections. The objective of the trial was to evaluate the clinical accuracy of the investigational test for vaginal swabs collected by patients (self) or clinicians. The primary and secondary outcomes were to compare the investigational test with reference methods for the three most common causes of vaginitis and compare clinician-collected with self-collected swabs.METHODS-We conducted a cross-sectional study in which women with symptoms of vaginitis were recruited at ten clinical centers and consented to the investigation between May and September 2015. The woman collected a vaginal swab, sheathed, and then handed it to the clinician. These swabs were to evaluate how self-collected swabs compared with cliniciancollected swabs. The clinician collected an investigational test swab and reference test swabs. From 1,740 symptomatic patients, clinician-collected and self-collected vaginal swabs were Each author has indicated that he or she has met the journal's requirements for authorship. Financial DisclosureDr. Gaydos' and Dr. Schwebke's institutions received grant money to perform this study. Dr. Nyirjesy has been a consultant for Symbiomix Therapeutics, Novadigm Therapeutics, Viamet Pharmaceuticals, Cidara Therapeutics, and Perrigo. He has received research grants to his institution from Becton Dickinson, Alfa Wasserman SpA, Novadigm Therapeutics, Viamet Pharmaceuticals, Symbiomix Therapeutics, and Curatek Pharmaceuticals. Ms. Paradis and Dr. Cooper are employed by Becton Dickinson, the study sponsor. The other authors did not report any potential conflicts of interest. In bacterial vaginosis, lactobacilli are decreased, with increases in microorganisms such as Atopobium vaginae, Gardnerella vaginalis, Mobiluncus mulieris, Prevotella species, BVAB-2, and Megasphaera species. 7-9 Candida albicans is responsible for 65-90% of vaginal Candida species infections, and non-albicans Candida species are responsible for up to 30%. [10][11][12] Trichomoniasis is the most common curable sexually transmitted infection in the world. 1992;40:554A.). 16,17 A single molecular test with high sensitivity and specificity might provide a clinical benefit. 18 The study objectives were to compare the investigational molecular test with three reference methods for the diagnosis of vaginitis and compare clinician-collected swabs with self-collected swabs. Comparisons for self-collection were made to demonstrate accuracy could be maintained if self-collection was used for busy clinicians to save time. HHS Public Access MATERIALS AND METHODSThe study design was a diagnostic accuracy cross-sectional study ( Fig. 1). At ten clinical centers, all eligible patients were recruited consecutively from clinics identified as sexually transmitted diseases, human immunodeficiency virus, family planning, and gynecology if they reporte...

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Identification ofCandidaSpecies Associated with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis by Multiplex PCR

Cited by 51 publications

References 30 publications

Itraconazole-resistant Candida auris with phospholipase, proteinase and hemolysin activity from a case of vulvovaginitis

Itraconazole-resistant Candida auris with phospholipase, proteinase and hemolysin activity from a case of vulvovaginitis

Epidemiology, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, and ERG11 mutations of Candida species isolated from pregnant Chinese Han women

Clinical Validation of a Test for the Diagnosis of Vaginitis: Correction

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