Identification of Candida species and susceptibility testing with Sensititre YeastOne microdilution panel to 9 antifungal agents

Abstract

Objectives:To determine the species incidence and susceptibility pattern to 9 antifungal agents of yeasts isolated from various clinical specimens of colonized or infected patients treated in the coronary and surgical intensive care units (ICU).Methods:A total of 421 ICU patients were treated at the Cardiology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey between June 2013 and May 2014, and 44 Candida species were isolated from blood, urine, endotracheal aspiration fluid, sputum, and wounds of 16 ICU patients. Identification of Candida was performed using CHROMagar. Antifungal susceptibility was determined by a Sensititre YeastOne colorimetric microdilution panel.Results:Candida albicans (C. albicans) was the most commonly observed microorganism 23 (54%); the other microorganisms isolated were Candida tropicalis 12 (27%), Candida glabrata 5 (11%), Candida parapsilosis 1 (2%), Candida lusitaniae 1 (2%), Candida sake 1 (2%), and Geotrichum capitatum 1 (2%). All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine. Geotrichum capitatum excepted, the other isolates were also susceptible to anidulafungin, micafungin, and caspofungin. Candida parapsilosis was found to be susceptible to all the studied antifungals. High MIC rates for azole group of antifungal drugs were found for C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata. The rate of colonisation was 3.8% (16/421). Only 0.7% (3/421) patients out of a total of 421 developed candidemia.Conclusion:We found that the yeast colonization and infection rates of patients in our ICUs are very low. Candida albicans is still the most common species. We detected a decreasing susceptibility to azole compounds.

Isolation and Identification Candida spp from Urine and Antifungal Susceptibility Test

“…In the resulted disc diffusion assay for Amphotericin B showing strong effect inhibiting Candida spp using concentration as low as 0.1mg/L the zone of inhibition was 9 mm to all Candida 6 mg/L concentration the inhibition zone was 19 mm to C. albicans but 7.8 mg/L to all Candida 20 to 21 mm inhibition zone as shown in Figure-5. Amphotericin B was effective against on Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis and Candida lusitaniae [2].Isolated Candida pararapsilosis, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and Candida famata from catheters, urine and vaginal swabs, further more all isolated were susceptible to Amphotericin B [17]. Fluconazole drugs affect the production of ergosterol by preventing convert lanosterol to ergosterol [18], inhibit synthesis of fungal sterols and inhibit cell membrane formation [12].…”

“…C. glabrata and C. krusei are intrinsically more resistant to Fluconazole [22,23]. Candida spp decrease susceptibility to azole compounds [2]. Fluconazole, a fungistatic drugs little or no efficacy against Candida spp [14].…”

“…Candida species member of the normal flora of an individual's from the gastrointestinal tract, vagina, oral cavity, skin and mucosal surfaces of human [1].Candida spp are micro biota in healthy humans during in immune compromised situations can cause human infection, The genus Candida includes more than 100 different species, however, only a few of them can infection human [1,2,3]. The last decade has seen Candida spp are continuously medical importance, they could be opportunistic can causes life to threaten systemic infections and chronic mucocutaneous infection in immune compromised patients [1,4].Candida species are present human fungal pathogens can cause genitourinary candidiasis which involves vulvovaginal candidiasis in female and balanoposthitis and balanitis in male, oral candidiasis, and the digestive tract and candiduria in both genders [1][2][3][4][5].Has several virulence factors causes to increase pathogenicities such as Adherence to various tissues and inanimate surfaces, Biofilm formation, Phenotypic switching, Dimorphism, Production of hydrolytic enzymes [6]. The infections mostly occur in lower urinary tract bladder and urethra [7].Candiduria is the present of Candida spp in urine [8], Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the second most frequent infection of the female genital tract [9].…”

“…Have the different class of antifungal each of them affects utilizes inhibit growth or kill different fungal pathogens [10]. Antifungal agents are a major part of the treatment for UTI, they are limited but increasing number of antibiotics can be used to treat mycotic infections [2,9]. The classes of currently available drugs belongs group polyn and Azole; they are due to their actions on the fungal cell membrane, whereas echinocandins act by disrupting the fungal cell wall [12,13].…”

In vitro susceptibility of dematiaceous fungi to nine antifungal agents determined by two different methods

“…The yeastone® system is available in a dry‐form 96‐well panel with the colorimetric growth indicator alamar blue. This commercial plate only requires the addition of a medium containing the fungal inoculums, and mics can be read after 24 hours for yeasts . It has been used widely in the united states and elsewhere with excellent results in terms of accuracy and reproducibility for candida .…”