Identification of Histoplasma causing an unexplained disease cluster in Matthews Ridge, Guyana

Wang, Ji; Zhou, Weimin; Ling, Hua; Dong, Xiao-Ping; Zhang, Yi; Li, Jiandong; Zhang, Yong; Song, Jingdong; Liu, William J.; Li, Yang; Zhang, Ruiqing; Wei, Zhen; Cai, Kun; Zhu, Shuangli; Wang, Dongyan; Xiao, Jingwei; Tong, Yigang; Liu, Wenli; Song, Lihua; Wu, Wei; Liu, Yang; Zhao, Xiang; Wang, Ruihuan; Ye, Sheng; Wang, Jing; Lu, Roujian; Huang, Baoying; Ye, Fei; Lei, Wenwen; Gao, Rongbao; Shi, Qi; Cao, Chen; Han, Jun; Xu, Wenbo; Gao, George F.; Wu, Guizhen

doi:10.1016/j.bsheal.2019.12.003

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Lastly, publications were searched using specific fungal names and after manual examination five extra articles were added. Therefore, in total 52 articles were included in this review [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ].…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosis Of Fungal Infections By Ngsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was a case of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis where A. fumigatus and Schizophyllum commune sequences were detected in the homogenised sputum and mucoid plugs of the patient [ 26 ]. Since then, up to the time of writing, a total of 319 cases of fungal infections diagnosed by NGS were described in the literature, with some in case reports and others in case series or cohorts [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ]. In 40 out of the 319 cases (12.5%), more than 1 fungus was detected by NGS [ 26 , ...…”

Section: Laboratory Diagnosis Of Fungal Infections By Ngsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Distribution of fungal species detected by next-generation sequencing from clinical samples of patients with suspected infections reported in the literature [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ]. There was a total of 319 cases with 365 fungi detected.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid Genomic Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in the Age of Next-Generation Sequencing

Tsang

Teng

Lau

et al. 2021

JoF

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Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have recently developed beyond the research realm and started to mature into clinical applications. Here, we review the current use of NGS for laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections. Since the first reported case in 2014, >300 cases of fungal infections diagnosed by NGS were described. Pneumocystis jirovecii is the predominant fungus reported, constituting ~25% of the fungi detected. In ~12.5% of the cases, more than one fungus was detected by NGS. For P. jirovecii infections diagnosed by NGS, all 91 patients suffered from pneumonia and only 1 was HIV-positive. This is very different from the general epidemiology of P. jirovecii infections, of which HIV infection is the most important risk factor. The epidemiology of Talaromyces marneffei infection diagnosed by NGS is also different from its general epidemiology, in that only 3/11 patients were HIV-positive. The major advantage of using NGS for laboratory diagnosis is that it can pick up all pathogens, particularly when initial microbiological investigations are unfruitful. When the cost of NGS is further reduced, expertise more widely available and other obstacles overcome, NGS would be a useful tool for laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections, particularly for difficult-to-grow fungi and cases with low fungal loads.

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Section: Laboratory Diagnosis Of Fungal Infections By Ngsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratory Diagnosis Of Fungal Infections By Ngsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid Genomic Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in the Age of Next-Generation Sequencing

Tsang

Teng

Lau

et al. 2021

JoF

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“…This presents ideal ecological conditions for transmission of zoonotic pathogens from naturally tolerant wildlife hosts, thereby increasing the risk of disease outbreaks in nearby domestic animal or human populations ( Hansen et al, 2013 ; Rulli et al, 2017 ). In 2019, 14 Chinese workers died in Guyana (South America) while engaged in mining due to infection caused by the fungus Histoplasma , rarely found in China but prevalent in America, mostly isolated from soil samples containing decaying bat and bird feces ( Wang et al, 2019 ). This might be an example of how the invasion of humans into the natural ecosystem can expose them to local new infections for which they lack effective immune responses.…”

Section: Relevance Of Evolving Tolerance In Natural Host-pathogen Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of pathogen tolerance and emerging infections: A missing experimental paradigm

Seal

Dharmarajan

Khan

2021

eLife

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Researchers worldwide are repeatedly warning us against future zoonotic diseases resulting from humankind’s insurgence into natural ecosystems. The same zoonotic pathogens that cause severe infections in a human host frequently fail to produce any disease outcome in their natural hosts. What precise features of the immune system enable natural reservoirs to carry these pathogens so efficiently? To understand these effects, we highlight the importance of tracing the evolutionary basis of pathogen tolerance in reservoir hosts, while drawing implications from their diverse physiological and life-history traits, and ecological contexts of host-pathogen interactions. Long-term co-evolution might allow reservoir hosts to modulate immunity and evolve tolerance to zoonotic pathogens, increasing their circulation and infectious period. Such processes can also create a genetically diverse pathogen pool by allowing more mutations and genetic exchanges between circulating strains, thereby harboring rare alive-on-arrival variants with extended infectivity to new hosts (i.e., spillover). Finally, we end by underscoring the indispensability of a large multidisciplinary empirical framework to explore the proposed link between evolved tolerance, pathogen prevalence, and spillover in the wild.

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“…A reference database has been created to identify H. capsulatum via matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) but little data on performance is available [ 75 , 76 ]. Similarly, while metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) has been used on BAL fluid to diagnose H. capsulatum causing chronic progressive pulmonary lesions and epiglottis lesions, broader performance data are not available [ 77 , 78 ]. Finally, there may be a role for panfungal PCR to diagnose histoplasmosis, but so far use has been exploratory [ 79 ].…”

Section: Histoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Pulmonary Infections Due to Endemic Fungi

et al. 2021

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Endemic mycoses including Histoplasma, Blastomyces, Coccidioides, Paracoccidioides, and Talaromyces are dimorphic fungi that can cause a variety of clinical manifestations, including respiratory infections. Their pulmonary presentations are variable, and diagnosis is often delayed as they can mimic other infectious and non-infectious causes of pulmonary disease. Delay in diagnosis can lead to unnecessary antibiotic use, repeat hospitalizations, and increased morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of endemic fungal pulmonary infections often relies on multiple diagnostic tests including culture, tissue histopathology, antigen assays, and antibody assays. Due to the increased use of immunosuppressive agents and the widening geographic ranges where these infections are being found, the prevalence of endemic fungal infections is increasing. Physicians need to be aware of the clinical manifestations of pulmonary infections due to endemic fungal in order to ensure that the proper diagnostic work up is obtained promptly. A high index of suspicion is particularly important in patients with suspected pulmonary infections who have failed to improve despite antibiotics in the appropriate setting. We present a review diagnostic testing for pulmonary infections due to endemic mycoses.

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Identification of Histoplasma causing an unexplained disease cluster in Matthews Ridge, Guyana

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Rapid Genomic Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in the Age of Next-Generation Sequencing

Rapid Genomic Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in the Age of Next-Generation Sequencing

Evolution of pathogen tolerance and emerging infections: A missing experimental paradigm

Diagnosis of Pulmonary Infections Due to Endemic Fungi

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