Identification of grapevine virus G and grapevine virus H in Sardinia, Italy

Abstract

Grapevine virus G (GVG) and grapevine virus H (GVH) (genus Vitivirus) are recently discovered viruses. Analysis of 38 samples from Sardinian grapevine cultivars for the presence of GVG and GVH was carried out using RT-PCR. All samples were also tested for grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) using RT-PCR, and for grapevine leafroll virus -1, -2 and -3, grapevine virus A (GVA) and B (GVB), arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and grapevine fleck virus (GFkV) using multiplex RT-PCR. GVG was confirmed in four vines, and GVH was detected in only one sample. In phylogenetic analyses of the coat protein (CP) region, the Sardinian GVG isolates clustered separately from isolates from Croatia and New Zealand. The Sardinian GVH isolate clustered with most sequences from other countries, but with greater affinity to isolates from California (USA) for the CP region, whereas it clustered with isolates from Croatia in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region. In addition to GVG and GVH, many samples were coinfected with GVA, viruses from the leafroll complex, and GPGV. This is the first record of GVG and GVH occurring in Italy.

Metaviromic Characterization of Betaflexivirus Populations Associated with a Vitis cultivar Collection in South Africa

“…GVH is a recently described vitivirus, initially discovered in Portugal [ 9 ]. Since then it has been found in other Mediterranean countries including Greece [ 62 ], Croatia [ 63 ], and Italy [ 64 ], as well as California and Tennessee in the United States [ 65 , 66 ] and Russia [ 60 ]. In most previous surveys, GVH has been detected at low levels of incidence.…”

“…Jagunic et al [ 63 ] showed that GVH was present in 8% of cultivars from sampled from Croatia. Schianchi et al [ 64 ] detected GVH in a single plant of 38 plants tested from Italy, with Shvets et al [ 60 ] detecting GVH in 3 of 43 cultivars from Russia. Conversely, Sabaghian et al [ 29 ] reported that GVH was the most prevalent virus (29.5%) among grapevine samples in Iran.…”

Exploring the mechanism of resistance of Rhizoctonia cerealis to trifloxystrobin

“…At present, because the newly bred wheat varieties cannot completely resist wheat sheath blight [7], the current prevention and control of wheat sheath blight in production is still mainly chemical control [8]. Studies have shown that fungicides such as tebuconazole, diniconazole, propiconazole, jinggangmycin, and thiofuran have good control effects on wheat sheath blight [9,10,11,12]. However, if chemical fungicides are applied for a long time, in large quantities, and unscienti cally, the pathogens will develop resistance to the fungicides, resulting in reduced control effects or even failure of control.…”