Identification of Graft-Transmissible Agents From ‘Ta Tao 5’ Peach and Their Effects on ‘Coronet’ Peach

Gibson, P. G.; Reighard, G.L.; Scott, S. W.; Zimmerman, M. T.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2001.550.44

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…First, a broad survey of commercial peach and nectarine cultivars collected from five states of the USA showed an unexpectedly high incidence: approximately 50% from a total of more that 1000 trees were PLMVd‐infected (Skrezeczkowski et al ., 1996). And second, certain delays in flowering and fruit ripening initially regarded as resulting from agronomic practices or cultivar traits were later found to be caused by PLMVd infection (Gibson et al ., 2001; J.C. Desvignes, personal communication).…”

Section: Biological Properties: Host Range Strains and Cross‐protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peach latent mosaic viroid: not so latent

Flores

Delgado

Rodio³

et al. 2006

Molecular Plant Pathology

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SUMMARY Taxonomy: Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) is the type species of the genus Pelamoviroid within the family Avsunviroidae of chloroplastic viroids with hammerhead ribozymes. Physical properties: A small circular RNA of 336-351 nt (differences in size result from the absence or presence of certain insertions) adopting a branched conformation stabilized by a pseudoknot between two kissing loops. This particular conformation is most likely responsible for the insolubility of PLMVd in highly saline conditions (in which other viroids adopting a rod-like conformation are soluble). Both polarity strands are able to form hammerhead structures and to self-cleave during replication as predicted by these ribozymes. Biological properties: Although most infections occur without conspicuous symptoms, certain PLMVd isolates induce leaf mosaics, blotches and in the most extreme cases albinism (peach calico, PC), flower streaking, delays in foliation, flowering and ripening, deformations and decolorations of fruits, which usually present cracked sutures and enlarged roundish stones, bud necrosis, stem pitting and premature ageing of the trees, which also adopt a characteristic growing pattern (open habit). The molecular determinant for PC has been mapped at a 12-14-nt insertion that folds into a hairpin capped by a U-rich loop present only in certain variants. PLMVd is horizontally transmitted by the propagation of infected buds and to a lesser extent by pruning tools and aphids, but not by pollen; the viroid is not vertically transmitted through seed. Interesting features: This provides a suitable system for studying how a minimal non-protein-coding catalytic RNA replicates (subverting a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase to transcribe an RNA template), moves, interferes with the metabolism of its host (inciting specific symptoms and a defensive RNA silencing response) and evolves following a quasi-species model characterized by a complex spectrum of variants.

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Section: Biological Properties: Host Range Strains and Cross‐protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peach latent mosaic viroid: not so latent

Flores

Delgado

Rodio³

et al. 2006

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…The study of these viruses has been complicated by the woody nature of the host plants and by the fact that some of the Prunus sources showing the cross-reactions with ASPV and PPV are frequently also co-infected with well-known fruit tree viruses and viroids such as Apple chlorotic leafspot virus (ACLSV) and Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) [ 8 , 9 ]. In this context, the developments of high-throughput sequencing technologies and of bioinformatic tools to efficiently manipulate the large amount of sequence data thus generated, have drastically impacted the plant virus detection and characterization field [ 10 – 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into Asian Prunus Viruses in the Light of NGS-Based Full Genome Sequencing

2016

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Double stranded RNAs were purified from five Prunus sources of Asian origin and submitted to 454 pyrosequencing after a random, whole genome amplification. Four complete genomes of Asian prunus virus 1 (APV1), APV2 and APV3 were reconstructed from the sequencing reads, as well as four additional, near-complete genome sequences. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the close relationships of these three viruses and the taxonomical position previously proposed for APV1, the only APV so far completely sequenced. The genetic distances in the respective polymerase and coat protein genes as well as their gene products suggest that APV2 should be considered as a distinct viral species in the genus Foveavirus, even if the amino acid identity levels in the polymerase are very close to the species demarcation criteria for the family Betaflexiviridae. However, the situation is more complex for APV1 and APV3, for which opposite conclusions are obtained depending on the gene (polymerase or coat protein) analyzed. Phylogenetic and recombination analyses suggest that recombination events may have been involved in the evolution of APV. Moreover, genome comparisons show that the unusually long 3’ non-coding region (3' NCR) is highly variable and a hot spot for indel polymorphisms. In particular, two APV3 variants differing only in their 3’ NCR were identified in a single Prunus source, with 3' NCRs of 214–312 nt, a size similar to that observed in other foveaviruses, but 567–850 nt smaller than in other APV3 isolates. Overall, this study provides critical genome information of these viruses, frequently associated with Prunus materials, even though their precise role as pathogens remains to be elucidated.

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“…The trees were maintained under normal, commercial production cultural practices. The presence of PLMVd was confi rmed in the inoculated ʻCoronetʼ trees (VI) used in this study by dot blot cRNA probe hybridization (Gibson et al, 2001b;Shamloul, 1995). Floral buds were collected from both of the two outside trees (tree 1 and 6) in each block during Jan., Feb., and Mar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graft Transmissible Agents Affect Membrane Fatty Acid Saturation during Dormancy Release in Peach

Gibson¹,

Reighard²,

Powell³

et al. 2004

jashs

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Peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (Peach Group)] trees infected with peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) have been associated with phenological changes including delay in bloom, reduced shoot vigor, and early autumn defoliation. In order to further characterize the changes occurring in trees inoculated with PLMVd, total fatty acid content was measured for floral buds during release from dormancy in `Coronet' peach trees. Palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2), and linolenic (18:3) acids were the major fatty acids in dormant and releasing peach buds of both control and PLMVd-inoculated (VI) trees. The degree of unsaturation increased immediately following release from dormancy in both the control and VI trees. However, desaturation of linoleic acid to linolenic acid was significantly inhibited in VI trees, which was accompanied by a concomitant delay in the resumption of growth. The disparity between the control and VI trees in the progression of increased fatty acid unsaturation continued through petal fall. The presence of PLMVd in `Coronet' peach trees slowed membrane fatty acid desaturation during release from dormancy and suggested that metabolic pathways involving fatty acid desaturation were linked to the delayed phenology of the VI trees.

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Identification of Graft-Transmissible Agents From ‘Ta Tao 5’ Peach and Their Effects on ‘Coronet’ Peach

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Peach latent mosaic viroid: not so latent

Peach latent mosaic viroid: not so latent

New Insights into Asian Prunus Viruses in the Light of NGS-Based Full Genome Sequencing

Graft Transmissible Agents Affect Membrane Fatty Acid Saturation during Dormancy Release in Peach

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