Identification of genetic variation in NOD-like receptor 2 gene and influence of polymorphism on gene structure and function in buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis )

Sequence-based structural analysis and evaluation of polymorphism in buffalo Nod-like receptor-1 gene

“…Mice NOD1 sequence was found to most diverged among all the mammalian species. Our findings on sequence and phylogenetic analysis of NOD1 gene are similar to other reports for different species and other PRR genes (Dhiman et al 2017;Dubey et al 2013b;Goyal et al 2014), which indicates co-evolution and conserved nature of this receptor protein across closely related ruminant species. Conserved residues found within functional domains across NOD-like receptors are speculated to contribute to the intramolecular interaction of the LRR regions to regulate NLR activation (Proell et al 2008).…”

“…Shinkai et al (2015) tried to assess the polymorphism in pigs NOD1 and identified 21 SNPs deciphered 9 non-synonymous SNPs localized throughout coding region and also in sequences encoding domains important for ligand recognition. Recently in buffaloes, 42 SNPs in the NOD2 transcript (homolog of CARD4/NOD1) have been reported by Dhiman et al (2017).…”

“…Besides milk, buffaloes are an important source of meat, leather and draft power. Association of polymorphism in immune response receptor genes with several infectious diseases has been reported in bovines, including mastitis in Indian dairy buffaloes (Dhiman et al 2017). Hence, it is expected that the investigation of genetic diversity in immune genes, particularly pathogen-binding receptors that play a key role in innate immune defense, would shed focus on the disease susceptibility or resistance in riverine and swamp buffaloes.…”