Identification of GBV-D, a Novel GB-like Flavivirus from Old World Frugivorous Bats (Pteropus giganteus) in Bangladesh

Epstein, Jonathan H.; Quan, Phenix‐Lan; Briese, Thomas; Street, Craig; Jabado, Omar; Conlan, Sean; Khan, Shahneaz Ali; Verdugo, Dawn E.; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Hutchison, Stephen; Egholm, Michael; Luby, Stephen P.; Daszak, Peter; Lipkin, W. Ian

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000972

Cited by 73 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…1A). In common with a previous analysis of BPgV (8), the EPgV polyprotein sequence shows additional pre-dicted signalase sites at positions 13 and 498 (Fig. 1C).…”

supporting

confidence: 86%

“…The natural host of NPHV is the horse (6, 7), while GBV-B's origin and natural host remain elusive. The viruses genetically most similar to HPgV include simian (GBV-A) and bat (GBV-D) pegiviruses (SPgV and BPgV, respectively) (1,8,9). The recent identification of NPHV in horses (7) prompted us to look for the presence of pegivirus-like virus infections in dogs and horses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of a Pegivirus (GB Virus-Like Virus) That Infects Horses

Kapoor

Simmonds

Cullen³

et al. 2013

J Virol

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115

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hThe recent identification of nonprimate hepaciviruses in dogs and then in horses prompted us to look for pegiviruses (GB viruslike viruses) in these species. Although none were detected in canines, we found widespread natural infection of horses by a novel pegivirus. Unique genomic features and phylogenetic analyses confirmed that the tentatively named equine pegivirus (EPgV) represents a novel species within the Pegivirus genus. We also determined that EPgV causes persistent viremia whereas its clinical significance is undetermined.

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“…1A). In common with a previous analysis of BPgV (8), the EPgV polyprotein sequence shows additional pre-dicted signalase sites at positions 13 and 498 (Fig. 1C).…”

supporting

confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Pegivirus (GB Virus-Like Virus) That Infects Horses

Kapoor

Simmonds

Cullen³

et al. 2013

J Virol

Self Cite

115

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“…This study was undertaken to characterize the viral flora of companion animals. Respiratory samples of dogs associated with respiratory illness outbreaks were enriched for viral nucleic acids (22), randomly amplified, and subjected to unbiased high-throughput sequencing (23). Bioinformatic analysis of sequences at the predicted amino acid level revealed the presence of several sequences substantially similar to flaviviruses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a canine homolog of hepatitis C virus

Kapoor

Simmonds

Qaisar

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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243

282

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An estimated 3% of the world's population is chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Although HCV was discovered more than 20 y ago, its origin remains obscure largely because no closely related animal virus homolog has been identified; furthermore, efforts to understand HCV pathogenesis have been hampered by the absence of animal models other than chimpanzees for human disease. Here we report the identification in domestic dogs of a nonprimate hepacivirus. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of the canine hepacivirus (CHV) confirmed it to be the most genetically similar animal virus homolog of HCV. Bayesian Markov chains Monte Carlo and associated time to most recent common ancestor analyses suggest a mean recent divergence time of CHV and HCV clades within the past 500-1,000 y, well after the domestication of canines. The discovery of CHV may provide new insights into the origin and evolution of HCV and a tractable model system with which to probe the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of diseases caused by hepacivirus infection.flavivirus | zoonosis

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“…GB viruses A, B, and C were first identified in studies of non-A non-B serum hepatitis in humans and nonhuman primates in the early 1990s, although none have been unequivocally linked to human liver injury in subsequent epidemiological investigations. GBV-D, also thus far unlinked to disease, was recently identified in a serum survey of frugivorous bats native to southcentral Asia (17). On the basis of observed similarities in genome organization and sequence, tissue tropism, lack of detectable pathogenicity in humans, and the persistent nature of infection, it has been proposed to classify GBV-A, GBV-C, and GBV-D together in a new Flaviviridae genus termed Pegivirus (persistent GB or G virus), whereas GB virus B has been proposed as a second type member in the Hepacivirus genus, on the basis of its parallel genome organization and sequence similarity, apparent hepatotropism, and the potential for pathogenicity that it shares with the current Hepacivirus genus-type member, HCV (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a previously undescribed divergent virus from the Flaviviridae family in an outbreak of equine serum hepatitis

Chandriani

Skewes-Cox

Zhong

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

142

182

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Theiler's disease is an acute hepatitis in horses that is associated with the administration of equine blood products; its etiologic agent has remained unknown for nearly a century. Here, we used massively parallel sequencing to explore samples from a recent Theiler's disease outbreak. Metatranscriptomic analysis of the short sequence reads identified a 10.5-kb sequence from a previously undescribed virus of the Flaviviridae family, which we designate "Theiler's disease-associated virus" (TDAV). Phylogenetic analysis clusters TDAV with GB viruses of the recently proposed Pegivirus genus, although it shares only 35.3% amino acid identity with its closest relative, GB virus D. An epidemiological survey of additional horses from three separate locations supports an association between TDAV infection and acute serum hepatitis. Experimental inoculation of horses with TDAV-positive plasma provides evidence that several weeks of viremia preceded liver injury and that liver disease may not be directly related to the level of viremia. Like hepatitis C virus, the best characterized Flaviviridae species known to cause hepatitis, we find TDAV is capable of efficient parenteral transmission, engendering acute and chronic infections associated with a diversity of clinical presentations ranging from subclinical infection to clinical hepatitis.epidemiology | veterinary virology | metagenomics | deep sequencing | pathogen discovery

show abstract

Identification of GBV-D, a Novel GB-like Flavivirus from Old World Frugivorous Bats (Pteropus giganteus) in Bangladesh

Cited by 73 publications

References 64 publications

Identification of a Pegivirus (GB Virus-Like Virus) That Infects Horses

Identification of a Pegivirus (GB Virus-Like Virus) That Infects Horses

Characterization of a canine homolog of hepatitis C virus

Identification of a previously undescribed divergent virus from the Flaviviridae family in an outbreak of equine serum hepatitis

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