Identification of factors related to behaviors associated with musculoskeletal pain among elementary students

Abstract

Background Musculoskeletal pains are among evident health problems in children and adolescents. Backpack carrying behaviors and the sitting postures are among behavioral factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in schoolchildren. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors related to these important musculoskeletal behaviors, using Health Promotion Models. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was created based on PRECEDE Model and Health Belief Model and was administered to 673 Iranian students, whom were selected randomly from elementary schools of Hamadan, Iran, in 2018. Results The findings of the study revealed that proper sitting postures and backpack carrying were 42 and 33%, respectively. The findings also showed that predisposing factors including perceived susceptibility (p < 0.05, β = 0.219), perceived severity (p < 0.05, β = 0.166), perceived barriers (p < 0.05, β = − 0.191), perceived self-efficacy (p < 0.05, β = 0.188) and also enabling factors (p < 0.05, β = 0.329) were significantly related to sitting behaviors. Moreover, backpack carrying behaviors had significant relationships with predisposing factors of perceived susceptibility (p < 0.05, β = 0.198), perceived barriers (p < 0.05, β = − 0.258), perceived self-efficacy (p < 0.05, β = 0.185) and reinforcing factors (p < 0.05, β = 0.208). Conclusions It seems necessary for future preventive programs to take factors of musculoskeletal pains among children and adolescents into account.

Health Problems among School Children: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study at District Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

“…In studies of Lunde et al, 2015;Balague 1999;and Sankaran et al, 2021; prevalence of 54%, 38.9% and 18.8% was found for musculo-skleton problems among school children respectively [3] [4] [19]. Moreover, in study published internationally in Journal of BMJ Musculoskeletal Discorder; of Rezapur-Shahkolai et al, 2021; reported 33% of musculo-skeleton system problems; whereas in our study the prevalence was 38.67% among school children [5]. Thus our study prevalence was more as compared to prevalence of 16% and 18.8%; revealed by studies of Slowinska et al, 2015; & Sankaran et al, 2021; respectively [3] [20].…”

“…Epidemiological surveys among children showed prevalence of low back pain ranges from 18.8% and 51% [3][4] [5]. According to many studies, Musculo-skeleton problems varies from 23% to 45% among children aged 6-13 years [4].…”

“…Public health experts are increasingly concerned about the rising rates of musculoskeletal disorders and low back pain in youngsters [3,4]. It is also possible to suspect a neoplastic, viral, inflammatory, or organic cause for a child's backache [4], [5]. Malnutrition and cognitive and physical development delays in young children have been linked to frequent infection [2].…”

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Pain and Related Factors among Foreign Medical Students of Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Pain in the musculoskeletal system is influenced by many factors like age, sex, type of work and individual's way of living. Numerous studies observed that sitting on a flexed neck, strains on ligaments, trunk in a twisted position and also a kyphotic position [3]. Students of different disciplines use different electronic devices like laptops, computer notebooks and smartphones for their academic purposes and leisure time.…”

Correction to: Identification of factors related to behaviors associated with musculoskeletal pain among elementary students

“…Following the publication of the original article [ 1 ] the authors noticed that the components of Fig. 1 have been messed up.…”