Identification of F3H, Major Secondary Metabolite-Related Gene That Confers Resistance against Whitebacked Planthopper through QTL Mapping in Rice

Abstract

Whitebacked planthopper (WBPH) is a pest that causes serious damage to rice in Asian countries with a mild climate. WBPH causes severely rice yield losses and grain poor quality each year so needs biological control. Plants resist biotic and abiotic stress using expressing variety genes, such as kinase, phytohormones, transcription factors, and especially secondary metabolites. In this research, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was performed by assigning the WBPH resistance score in the Cheongcheong/Nagdong doubled haploid (CNDH) line in 2018 and 2019. The RM280-RM6909 on chromosome 4 was detected as a duplicate in 2018, 2019, and derived from Cheongcheong. This region includes cell function, kinase, signaling, transcription factors, and secondary metabolites that protect plants from the stress of WBPH. The RM280-RM6909 on chromosome 4 contains candidate genes that are similar to the flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) of rice. The F3H are homologous genes, which play an important role in biosynthesis defending against biotic stress in plants. After WBPH inoculation, the relative expression level of F3H was higher in resistant line than in a susceptible line. The newly identified WBPH resistance gene F3H by QTL mapping can be used for the breeding of rice cultivars that are resistant against WBPH.

Proanthocyanidins and Where to Find Them: A Meta-Analytic Approach to Investigate Their Chemistry, Biosynthesis, Distribution, and Effect on Human Health

“…If from a biosynthetic point of view F3H is fundamental for the formation of flavan-3-ols, F3’H and F3’5’H are two very important enzymes for the variability of PACs within plants. Indeed, the presence or absence of the gene sequences coding for these two enzymes strongly influence the hydroxylation pattern of B-rings of flavan-3-ols that will constitute the PACs as monomers [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

The Potential of High-Anthocyanin Purple Rice as a Functional Ingredient in Human Health

“…Besides protective effects during plant growth, anthocyanins may also play important roles in controlling pests and maintaining plant growth. Several recent studies have reported that the increased expression levels of structural anthocyanin genes related with anthocyanin in rice plants are believed to be significant traits for enhancement of rice resistance to the white-backed planthopper [ 151 , 152 ]. A strong positive relationship between anthocyanin concentration and seedling vigor in rice has been also reported [ 153 ].…”

Identification of One Major QTL and a Novel Gene OsIAA17q5 Associated with Tiller Number in Rice Using QTL Analysis

“…In this study, we analyzed the developmental behavior of rice tillers using a "Cheongcheong" × "Nagdong" double haploid (CNDH) line. The CNDH lines have been cultivated in a generational process for over 10 years at the Kyungpook National University of Gunwi-gun test field, and it has been used as a bridging parent [18,19]. The aim of this study was to detect the QTL controlling tiller number in the CNDH lines and to explore the dynamics of QTL associations during the whole ontogeny.…”