Identification of energy theft and tampered meters using a central observer meter: a mathematical approach

A Comprehensive Study of Smart Grids

“…In order to reduce TL, replacing the old equipment by more efficient equipment stands out as a valuable way [5].…”

“…A solution is to observe all the consumers' energy meters to check them in order to find out if they have any problem. However, the estimated cost of these observations is high, so utility grids might follow a probability approach for selecting the energy meters to be checked; therefore, they do not detect the problems with all the energy meters [5].…”

“…By comparing the reading of the overall energy consumption of this observer meter with the sum of the readings of all the individual meters connected to the same power line distribution transformer, any irregularity can be discovered instantly [5].…”

“…B) From the billing center to the smart energy meter to perform the following: -Informing of the time before which the bills should be paid. This function eliminates the need for a employee to read the consumption data of each smart energy meter in the smart grid [5].…”

“…Fortunately, there are many efforts nowadays towards utilizing renewable sources [5]. Unfortunately, these efforts are not spread worldwide either because of installation cost, or because they cannot be implemented in some areas.…”