Identification of double-stranded RNA viruses in Brazilian strains of Metarhizium anisopliae and their effects on fungal biology and virulence

Mascarin, Gabriel Moura; Lopes, Mariana da Silva; Alves, Maria Clara Duarte Fregolente; Rezende, Janayne Maria; Gatti, Maria Sílvia Viccari; Dunlap, Christopher A.; Delalibera, Ítalo

doi:10.1016/j.plgene.2017.01.001

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Another explanation for the observed differences in stability and virulence between Group 3 and the Group 1 and 2 isolates could be a viral infection of the latter. Mycovirus infection is a well-described cause of sectorisation in plant pathogens, leading to hypovirulence [25,36]. The spread of these mycoviruses occurs mainly through hyphal anastomosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, Pathogenic and Toxigenic Variability in the Rice Sheath Rot Pathogen Sarocladium Oryzae

Peeters

Haeck

Harinck

et al. 2020

Toxins

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Sheath rot is an emerging rice disease that leads to considerable yield losses. The main causal agent is the fungus Sarocladium oryzae. This pathogen is known to produce the toxins cerulenin and helvolic acid, but their role in pathogenicity has not been clearly established. S. oryzea isolates from different rice-producing regions can be grouped into three phylogenetic lineages. When grown in vitro, isolates from these lineages differed in growth rate, colour and in the ability to form sectors. A diverse selection of isolates from Rwanda and Nigeria, representing these lineages, were used to further study their pathogenicity and toxin production. Liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis was used to measure cerulenin and helvolic acid production in vitro and in planta. The three lineages clearly differed in pathogenicity on the japonica cultivar Kitaake. Isolates from the least pathogenic lineage produced the highest levels of cerulenin in vitro. Helvolic acid production was not correlated with the lineage. Sectorisation was observed in isolates from the two least pathogenic lineages and resulted in a loss of helvolic acid production. In planta, only the production of helvolic acid, but not of cerulenin, correlated strongly with disease severity. The most pathogenic isolates all belonged to one lineage. They were phenotypically stable, shown by the lack of sectorisation, and therefore maintained high helvolic acid production in planta.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological, Pathogenic and Toxigenic Variability in the Rice Sheath Rot Pathogen Sarocladium Oryzae

Peeters

Haeck

Harinck

et al. 2020

Toxins

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“…No dsRNA elements were discovered in any of the Danish Metarhizium sp. or B. bassiana isolates, although their presence has been documented previously in populations of Metarhizium mostly from Brazil [32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39]. The number of isolates from other fungal species screened was very small and no dsRNA elements were found in any of these.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Mycoviral Population Dynamics in Spanish Isolates of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana

Filippou

Garrido‐Jurado

Meyling

et al. 2018

Viruses

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The use of mycoviruses to manipulate the virulence of entomopathogenic fungi employed as biocontrol agents may lead to the development of novel methods to control attacks by insect pests. Such approaches are urgently required, as existing agrochemicals are being withdrawn from the market due to environmental and health concerns. The aim of this work is to investigate the presence and diversity of mycoviruses in large panels of entomopathogenic fungi, mostly from Spain and Denmark. In total, 151 isolates belonging to the genera Beauveria, Metarhizium, Lecanicillium, Purpureocillium, Isaria, and Paecilomyces were screened for the presence of dsRNA elements and 12 Spanish B. bassiana isolates were found to harbor mycoviruses. All identified mycoviruses belong to three previously characterised species, the officially recognised Beauveria bassiana victorivirus 1 (BbVV-1) and the proposed Beauveria bassiana partitivirus 2 (BbPV-2) and Beauveria bassiana polymycovirus 1 (BbPmV-1); individual B. bassiana isolates may harbor up to three of these mycoviruses. Notably, these mycovirus species are under distinct selection pressures, while recombination of viral genomes increases population diversity. Phylogenetic analysis of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene sequences revealed that the current population structure in Spain is potentially a result of both vertical and horizontal mycovirus transmission. Finally, pathogenicity experiments using the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata showed no direct correlation between the presence of any particular mycovirus and the virulence of the B. bassiana isolates, but illustrated potentially interesting isolates that exhibit relatively high virulence, which will be used in more detailed virulence experimentation in the future.

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“…Successful elimination of mycoviruses has been reported from Aspergillus fumigatus [ 28 ] and Lentinula edodes [ 32 ]. It is also interesting to note that cycloheximide is not successful for curing all fungal strains, even at higher concentrations, e.g., Metarhizium anisopliae [ 33 ], Aspergillus niger [ 34 ], and Pseudocercospora griseola [ 35 ]. Partial success has been reported for Pseudogymnoascus destructans [ 36 ].…”

Section: Drugs Used To Treat Mycoviral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Mycoviral Curing Strategies Used in Evaluating Fungal Host Fitness

2023

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The number of novel mycoviruses is increasing at a high pace due to advancements in sequencing technologies. As a result, an uncountable number of mycoviral sequences are available in public sequence repositories. However, only genomic information is not sufficient to understand the impact of mycoviruses on their host biology. Biological characterization is required to determine the nature of mycoviruses (cryptic, hypervirulent, or hypovirulent) and to search for mycoviruses with biocontrol and therapeutic potential. Currently, no particular selective method is used as the gold standard against these mycoviral infections. Given the importance of curing, we present an overview of procedures used in preparation of isogenic lines, along with their benefits and drawbacks. We concluded that a combination of single-spore isolation and hyphal tipping is the best fit for preparation of isogenic lines. Furthermore, recent bioinformatic approaches should be introduced in the field of mycovirology to predict virus-specific antivirals to get robust results. Graphical Abstract

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Identification of double-stranded RNA viruses in Brazilian strains of Metarhizium anisopliae and their effects on fungal biology and virulence

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Morphological, Pathogenic and Toxigenic Variability in the Rice Sheath Rot Pathogen Sarocladium Oryzae

Morphological, Pathogenic and Toxigenic Variability in the Rice Sheath Rot Pathogen Sarocladium Oryzae

Mycoviral Population Dynamics in Spanish Isolates of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana

An Overview of Mycoviral Curing Strategies Used in Evaluating Fungal Host Fitness

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