Identification of Diverse Soybean Germplasm Using RAPD Markers

Abstract

The genetic base of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] breeding in North America is very limited. The focus of this research was to assess the diversity of 18 soybean ancestors and 17 selected plant introductions (PIs) maintained in the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection. Estimates of genetic relationships among the 35 genotypes were calculated from 281 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers using the simple matching coefficient (SMC) expressed as Euclidean distances. Two forms of hierarchical and nonhierarchical duster analysis as well as multidimensional scaling (MDS) were employed to reveal associations among the genotypes. The average genetic distance among all genotypes was 0.56. All methods of cluster analysis identified distinct groups of ancestors or PIs. Grouping of the ancestors generally agreed with known pedigree, origin, and maturity data. The four methods of clustering produced similar results, and genotypes were assigned to the same cluster 87% of the time. The MDS plots displayed relationships among the genotypes and may be a useful method of selecting genetically distinct individuals. The genotypes within the distinct PI dusters may possess useful genetic diversity that could be exploited by soybean breeders to increase yield.

Genetic Diversity and Allele Mining in Soybean Germplasm

“…Their data provided pronounced evidence that primitive cultivars of China were generally genetically isolated in relatively small geographical areas. Similar results were obtained by Li & Nelson (2001 in their study on soybean accessions from 8 provinces in China using a core set of RAPD primers with high polymorphism in soybean (Thompson et al, 1998). On the contrary, Brown-Guedira et al (2000) did not find an association between origin and RAPD markers among soybean lines of more modern origin.…”

Multivariate Analysis of Genetic Diversity among some Maize Genotypes under Maize-Albizia Cropping System in Indonesia

“…Some researchers emphasize the importance of the assessment of the levels and patterns of genetic diversity in crop breeding (Barrett and Kidwell, 1998;Cox et al, 1986;Franco et al, 2001;Habtamu and Milion 2013;Hallaur and Miranda, 1988;Mohammadi and Prasanna, 2003;Thompson et al, 1998). The diverse applications include: (1) Analysis of genetic variability in cultivars, (2) Identification of diverse parental combinations to create segregating progenies with maximum genetic variability for further selection, (3) Introgressing of desirable genes from diverse germplasm into the available genetic base, (4) Study of genetic relationships among inbred lines or pure lines for planning crosses, assigning lines to specific heterotic groups and for precise identification with respect to plant varietal protection, (5) Classification of accessions and identification of subsets of core accessions with possible utility for specific breeding purposes and (6) Identification groups with the same genetic background for preservation, evaluation and utilization of genetic resources.…”

Keragaman Genetik 50 Aksesi Plasma Nutfah Kedelai Berdasarkan Sepuluh Penanda Mikrosatelit

“…Jumlah koleksi ini diprediksi akan semakin meningkat seiring dengan dilakukannya eksplorasi secara rutin maupun introduksi. Deskripsi yang lebih akurat dan lengkap serta pengetahuan mendalam tentang pola keragaman genetik kedelai berguna untuk seleksi tetua sebagai bahan material genetik dalam program perbaikan varietas dalam rangka pembentukan varietas kedelai komersial (Thompson et al, 1998).…”