Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes for Lipid Metabolism in Dedifferentiated Preadipocytes from Different Tissues of Chicken

Abstract

Background: The body distribution with high intramuscular fat and low abdominal fat is ideal goal for broiler breeding. Preadipocytes with different origins have differences in metabolism and gene expression. This transcriptome analysis of intramuscular preadipocytes (DIMPs) and adipose tissue-derived preadipocytes (DAFPs) is aim to explore the characteristics in lipid deposition of different chicken preadipocytes by dedifferentiation in vitro. Results: Compared to DIMFPs, the lipid content was increased (P <0.05) in DAFPs after two days with 100% confluence. Moreover, 66 DEGs of lipid metabolism were screened, which are involved in the adipocyte differentiation, fatty acid transport and fatty acid synthesis, lipid stabilization, and lipolysis. Among them, the representative CEBPA, DGKH, DGKQ, DGKD, FADS1L1, SCD, SCD5, and PPARG were down-regulated, but CIDEC, ELOVL1, ELOVL6, FABP3, FABP4, FADS6, LPL, MOGAT1, PLIN3, PLIN4, RBP7, and RXRG genes were up-regulated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) in the DAFPs, showing the same pattern with the lipid content. Based on the known DEGs, the well-known pathways affecting lipid metabolism (MAPK-, TGF beta-, Calcium-, PPAR signaling pathway) were enriched, which may also contribute to the regulation of lipid deposition. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the difference of lipid deposition between DIMPs and DAFPs of chicken in vitro. The lipid content was significantly increased in DAFPs by the up-regulation of genes on cellular uptake of fatty acids through medication of MAPK-, TGF beta-, Calcium-, and PPAR signaling pathways. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of tissue-specific fat deposition and optimizing body fat distribution in broilers.