Identification of Common Pathways Mediating Differentiation of Bone Marrow- and Adipose Tissue-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Three Mesenchymal Lineages

Abstract

Here, we compared the transcriptome profile of hAMCS and hBMSCs during directed differentiation into bone, cartilage, and fat. Our data revealed considerable similarities between bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AMSCs). We uncovered an interesting bifurcation of pathways in both BMSCs and AMSCs, in which osteogenesis and adipogenesis appear to be linked in a differentiation branch separate from chondrogenesis. Our data suggest that although a set of common genes may be needed for early differentiation into all three lineages, a different set of signature genes is associated with maturation into fully differentiated cells. The recruitment of different late differentiation factors explains and supports our conclusion that BMSCs differentiate more efficiently into bone and cartilage, whereas AMSCs differentiate better into adipocytes. This study not only generated a rich database for continuing molecular characterization of various MSCs but also provided a rational basis for assessing qualities of MSCs from different sources for the purpose of cell-based therapy and tissue engineering. STEM CELLS 2007;25:750 -760

Cartilage resurfacing potential of PLGA scaffolds loaded with autologous cells from cartilage, fat, and bone marrow in an ovine model of osteochondral focal defect

“…On the other hand, we observed that ASC were not as effective as BM-MSC to regenerate osteochondral defects neither at 6 nor at 12 months post-treatment. Different expression profiles in ASC and BM-MSC may explain why the latter differentiate more efficiently into bone and cartilage, whereas ASC differentiate better into adipocytes as reported previously by Liu and collaborators (Liu et al 2007) thus supporting our observations in the present study.…”

Mitochondrial Function and Energy Metabolism in Umbilical Cord Blood- and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…On the other hand, the characterization criteria for hMSCs remain unspecific; and different isolation protocols or different culture media are commonly used, which may explain the conflicting results of previous studies. In addition, the tendency for hMSCs to exhibit different levels of maturation poses challenges for the development of specific characterization criteria for hMSCs [22].…”

Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Phenotypically Superior for Regeneration in the Setting of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

“…Despite having a proliferation advantage, numerous studies have shown inferior osteogenesis from aMSCs compared with bmMSCs [14,18,20,27,31,35]. These studies from in vitro experiments and animal models have questioned the ability of aMSCs for regenerative orthopaedics.…”