“…Green tea polyphenols (tannins) [134], chebulinic acid [135] and anthraquinones [136] are natural phenolic compounds that showed inhibitory activity against DNA gyrase. EGCG from green tea can inhibit the B subunit of DNA gyrase at its ATP binding site [134].…”
Microbial resistance to classical antibiotics and its rapid progression have raised serious concern in the treatment of infectious diseases. Recently, many studies have been directed towards finding promising solutions to overcome these problems. Phytochemicals have exerted potential antibacterial activities against sensitive and resistant pathogens via different mechanisms of action. In this review, we have summarized the main antibiotic resistance mechanisms of bacteria and also discussed how phytochemicals belonging to different chemical classes could reverse the antibiotic resistance. Next to containing direct antimicrobial activities, some of them have exerted in vitro synergistic effects when being combined with conventional antibiotics. Considering these facts, it could be stated that phytochemicals represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds with potent antimicrobial activities.
“…Green tea polyphenols (tannins) [134], chebulinic acid [135] and anthraquinones [136] are natural phenolic compounds that showed inhibitory activity against DNA gyrase. EGCG from green tea can inhibit the B subunit of DNA gyrase at its ATP binding site [134].…”
Microbial resistance to classical antibiotics and its rapid progression have raised serious concern in the treatment of infectious diseases. Recently, many studies have been directed towards finding promising solutions to overcome these problems. Phytochemicals have exerted potential antibacterial activities against sensitive and resistant pathogens via different mechanisms of action. In this review, we have summarized the main antibiotic resistance mechanisms of bacteria and also discussed how phytochemicals belonging to different chemical classes could reverse the antibiotic resistance. Next to containing direct antimicrobial activities, some of them have exerted in vitro synergistic effects when being combined with conventional antibiotics. Considering these facts, it could be stated that phytochemicals represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds with potent antimicrobial activities.
“…The presence of the constrained HHDP group in chebulagic acid is considered to result in larger spatial hindrance and less molecular flexibility [24, 26]. Chebulinic acid, in contrast, which has a more favourable structure for entering the binding cavities or catalytic pockets of target proteases or enzymes, usually shows more broad-spectrum and potent biological activities (with the exception of chelation activity) [27, 28]. Fig.…”
BackgroundTriphala is an Ayurvedic rasayana formulation reputed for its antitumour activities, and chebulinic acid and chebulagic acid, along with other phenolic acids, have been proposed to be responsible for its effects.MethodsIn this study, the anti-proliferative activities of these agents were evaluated in colorectal carcinoma cell lines with three phenotypes exposed to several batches of triphala samples with different quantities of chebulinic acid and chebulagic acid. The pro-apoptotic and anti-migratory activities and the probable antitumour mechanisms of the more potent anti-proliferative phytochemical were also investigated.ResultsThe results demonstrated that chebulinic acid, which exerts potent anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-migratory effects, is a key molecule for maintaining the antitumour efficacy of triphala. The antitumour mechanism of chebulinic acid is probably related to the PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK pathways.ConclusionsChebulinic acid is not only a critical component of the anticancer activities of triphala but also a promising natural multi-target antitumour agent with therapeutic potential.
“…AND PHOSPHATE GROUP FROM DNA The double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) segment, the G-segment is cleavage, and religation by catalytic Tyr129 residue and is positively regulated by the decrease in the distance as observed in wild type DNA gyrase [Patel et al, 2015;Gubaev et al, 2016]. In the wild protein-DNA complex, OFX binds with high affinity and stabilizes the interaction between Tyr129 residue of protein and DNA phosphate with bond distance of 2.58 Åbefore MD simulation and 1.88 Åin post MD simulation (Fig.…”
Section: Analyzing the Distance Between Catalytic Residue Tyr129mentioning
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
