Identification of Candidate Susceptibility Genes to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in Wheat

Henningsen, Eva C; Omidvar, Vahid; Coletta, Rafael Della; Michno, Jean Michel; Gilbert, Erin; Li, Feng; Miller, Marisa E.; Myers, Chad L.; Gordon, Sean P.; Vogel, John P.; Steffenson, Brian J.; Kianian, Shahryar F.; Hirsch, Cory D.; Figueroa, Melania

doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.657796

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…In contrast, several genes encoding for senescence‐associated, accelerated cell death, MLO, DMR6, WRKY25, and RAP2.1 were upregulated in susceptible genotypes upon infection. Genes such as MLO , DMR6 , and WRKY25 are classified as susceptibility (S) genes and are known to mediate plant‐pathogen compatibility and facilitate pathogen infection (Henningsen et al., 2021). Loss‐of‐function mutations of MLO genes are reported to reduce susceptibility to fungal pathogens in various crops such as barley, tomato, pea, and wheat (Bai et al., 2008; Büschges et al., 1997; Humphry et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome profiling reveals the expression and regulation of genes associated with Fusarium wilt resistance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

et al. 2023

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Fusarium wilt (FW) is one of the most significant biotic stresses limiting chickpea production worldwide. To dissect the molecular mechanism of FW resistance in chickpea, comparative transcriptome analyses of contrasting resistance sources of chickpea genotypes under control and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) inoculated conditions were performed. The high‐throughput transcriptome sequencing generated about 1137 million sequencing reads from 24 samples representing two resistant genotypes, two susceptible genotypes, and two near‐isogenic lines under control and stress conditions at two‐time points (7th‐ and 12th‐day post‐inoculation). The analysis identified 5182 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between different combinations of chickpea genotypes. Functional annotation of these genes indicated their involvement in various biological processes such as defense response, cell wall biogenesis, secondary metabolism, and disease resistance. A significant number (382) of transcription factor encoding genes exhibited differential expression patterns under stress. Further, a considerable number of the identified DEGs (287) co‐localized with previously reported quantitative trait locus for FW resistance. Several resistance/susceptibility‐related genes, such as SERINE/THREONINE PROTEIN KINASE, DIRIGENT, and MLO exhibiting contrasting expression patterns in resistant and susceptible genotypes upon Foc inoculation, were identified. The results presented in the study provide valuable insights into the transcriptional dynamics associated with FW stress response in chickpea and provide candidate genes for the development of disease‐resistant chickpea cultivars.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome profiling reveals the expression and regulation of genes associated with Fusarium wilt resistance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

et al. 2023

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“…The DMR6 orthologs were highly up‐regulated in the aphid‐susceptible wheat variety after infestation by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Henningsen et al ., 2021). Given its essential role in plant disease susceptibility, the loss of function of DMR6 by RNAi and genome editing in crops are promising strategies for controlling plant pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SmCSP4 from aphid saliva stimulates salicylic acid‐mediated defence responses in wheat by interacting with transcription factor TaWKRY76

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2023

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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SummaryAphid salivary proteins are critical in modulating plant defence responses. Grain aphid Sitobion miscanthi is an important wheat pest worldwide. However, the molecular basis for the regulation of the plant resistance to cereal aphids remains largely unknown. Here, we show that SmCSP4, a chemosensory protein from S. miscanthi saliva, is secreted into wheat plants during aphid feeding. Delivery of SmCSP4 into wheat leaves activates salicylic acid (SA)‐mediated plant defence responses and subsequently reduces aphid performance by deterring aphid feeding behaviour. In contrast, silencing SmCSP4 gene via nanocarrier‐mediated RNAi significantly decreases the ability of aphids to activate SA defence pathway. Protein–protein interaction assays showed that SmCSP4 directly interacts with wheat transcriptional factor TaWRKY76 in plant nucleus. Furthermore, TaWRKY76 directly binds to the promoter of SA degradation gene Downy Mildew Resistant 6 (DMR6) and regulates its gene expression as transcriptional activator. SmCSP4 secreted by aphids reduces the transcriptional activation activity of TaWRKY76 on DMR6 gene expression, which is proposed to result in increases of SA accumulation and enhanced plant immunity. This study demonstrated that SmCSP4 acts as salivary elicitor that is involved in activating SA signalling defence pathway of wheat by interacting with TaWRKY76, which provide novel insights into aphid‐cereal crops interactions and the molecular mechanism on induced plant immunity.

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“…These included Photosystem I (PSI) assembly protein, PSII reaction centre proteins and cytochromes, including cytochrome b6. Many studies have shown that photosynthesis is disrupted in plants following infection, and in wheat following infection with leaf and stem rust, and powdery mildew [25,26,27]. In the yellow rust pathogen, Puccinia striiformis f. sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis of the Durable Leaf Rust Resistance in the Wheat Variety Toropi

Casassola

Ereful

Zanella³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Leaf rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia triticina (Pt), is a major constraint to wheat production worldwide. The Brazilian wheat variety Toropi, released in 1965 and commercially cultivated for over 15 years, has maintained a high level of field resistance to leaf rust, while being seedling susceptible to all known Brazilian Pt isolates. Results The adult plant resistance (APR) in Toropi exhibits a prehaustorial phenotype, the pathogens development being halted at appressorial and sub-stomatal vesicle growth stages. A time-course analysis was performed to explore the resistance mechanisms behind the unique APR in Toropi, taking flag leaf samples for RNA sequencing over 24 hours following inoculation with Pt race MDT-MR. An average of 87.8% of paired-end reads aligned to the Chinese Spring IWGSC RefSeq v.1, and 0.53% to the Pt reference transcriptome, release 35. Cross-conditional different expression of wheat genes was undertaken, comparing Pt- to Mock-inoculated, and Pt- to Pt-inoculated timepoints. More genes were downregulated than upregulated, particularly at the early timepoints of 6 and 12 hours after inoculation (hai). GO enrichment analysis indicated a shutting down of RNA and protein synthesis, particularly prevalent from the downregulation of genes involved in ribosome structure and function. There was also an early effect on photosynthesis, with disruption of the electron transfer chain. Analyses of upregulated genes identified genes involved in ATP binding and protein kinase activity at 6 hai, suggesting a rapid metabolic response to Pt inoculation. There was a general upregulation of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and oxidoreductase activity (linked to defence through the generation of ROS), and transport of protein/peptides, nitrogen and organic compounds, indicating the possible need to relocate protein-based resources, either for the benefit of the host or the pathogen. Alignment of differentially expressed wheat genes with the genomic regions defining four QTL contributing to the leaf rust APR in Toropi identified a number of potential candidate genes, including a sugar transporter, a receptor kinase and a gene annotated as a seven transmembrane MLO family protein. In addition, 60 Pt genes were identified, six being annotated as potential effector proteins. Expression of four effectors peaked at 6 hai, one at 0 hai and the sixth at 12 hai, all well before the formation of haustoria. Conclusions Analysis of gene expression in the wheat variety Toropi at the point in Pt development at which resistance is effective indicated a strong PTI response, fully active by 6 hai.

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Identification of Candidate Susceptibility Genes to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici in Wheat

Cited by 12 publications

References 109 publications

Transcriptome profiling reveals the expression and regulation of genes associated with Fusarium wilt resistance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Transcriptome profiling reveals the expression and regulation of genes associated with Fusarium wilt resistance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

SmCSP4 from aphid saliva stimulates salicylic acid‐mediated defence responses in wheat by interacting with transcription factor TaWKRY76

Transcriptome Analysis of the Durable Leaf Rust Resistance in the Wheat Variety Toropi

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