Identification of Candida albicans using different culture media and its association in leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma

Gupta, V.; Abhisheik, Khare; Shreedhar, Balasundari; Devendra, Niranjan K; Shadab, Kalim; Mahendra, Anupama

doi:10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_157_18

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…After 48 h, unadhered cells were removed and biofilms were visually inspected. To determine the medium where C. maltosa formed thicker biofilms, we tested the following media: Lee medium [56,57], Lee medium supplemented with 1.25 % glucose, Spider medium with 1 % mannitol, glucose or xylose as carbon source, cornmeal liquid medium (prepared from cornmeal medium in cold water and filtering insoluble components before autoclaving) [63], and minimum media at pH 4.5. Based on the qualitative inspection of biofilms in the different media, we employed Spider with 1 % glucose to determine biomass dry weight of the efg1 mutant.…”

Section: In Vitro Determination Of Biofilm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic modification of Candida maltosa, a non-pathogenic CTG species, reveals EFG1 function

Chávez-Tinoco,

García-Ortega,

Mancera

2024

Microbiology

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Candida maltosa is closely related to important pathogenic Candida species, especially C. tropicalis and C. albicans, but it has been rarely isolated from humans. For this reason, through comparative studies, it could be a powerful model to understand the genetic underpinnings of the pathogenicity of Candida species. Here, we generated a cohesive assembly of the C. maltosa genome and developed genetic engineering tools that will facilitate studying this species at a molecular level. We used a combination of short and long-read sequencing to build a polished genomic draft composed of 14 Mbp, 45 contigs and close to 5700 genes. This assembly represents a substantial improvement from the currently available sequences that are composed of thousands of contigs. Genomic comparison with C. albicans and C. tropicalis revealed a substantial reduction in the total number of genes in C. maltosa. However, gene loss seems not to be associated to the avirulence of this species given that most genes that have been previously associated with pathogenicity were also present in C. maltosa. To be able to edit the genome of C. maltosa we generated a set of triple auxotrophic strains so that gene deletions can be performed similarly to what has been routinely done in pathogenic Candida species. As a proof of concept, we generated gene knockouts of EFG1, a gene that encodes a transcription factor that is essential for filamentation and biofilm formation in C. albicans and C. tropicalis. Characterization of these mutants showed that Efg1 also plays a role in biofilm formation and filamentous growth in C. maltosa, but it seems to be a repressor of filamentation in this species. The genome assembly and auxotrophic mutants developed here are a key step forward to start using C. maltosa for comparative and evolutionary studies at a molecular level.

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Section: In Vitro Determination Of Biofilm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic modification of Candida maltosa, a non-pathogenic CTG species, reveals EFG1 function

Chávez-Tinoco,

García-Ortega,

Mancera

2024

Microbiology

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“…Oral leukoplakia, particularly nonhomogeneous leukoplakia, has a higher risk of transformation into oral cancer [69]. Recent studies support the correlation between Candida and leukoplakia [70]. Gupta et al conducted a study in which they cultured Candida albicans from saliva samples collected from individuals with leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma and compared them with those from the control group [70].…”

Section: Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Oral Cancer and Oral My...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gupta et al conducted a study in which they cultured Candida albicans from saliva samples collected from individuals with leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma and compared them with those from the control group [70]. The growth of Candida albicans was only observed in severe dysplastic patients, while mild and moderate dysplasia showed no Candidal growth [70]. The genotype A of Candida was suggested to be associated with oral leukoplakia [71,72].…”

Section: Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Oral Cancer and Oral My...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Mycobiota: A Narrative Review

Defta,

Albu,

Albu

et al. 2024

Dentistry Journal

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Numerous studies have proven the important role of the oral microbiota in health and disease. The dysfunctionality of the oral microbiota, known as dysbiosis, is incriminated in dental caries, periodontal disease, oral infectious diseases, oral cancer, and systemic disease. The lesser-known component of the oral microbiota, the mycobiota, is now assiduously investigated. Recent technological developments have helped foster the identification of new fungal species based on genomic research. Next-generation sequencing has expanded our knowledge about the diversity, architecture, and relationships of oral microorganisms within the oral cavity. The mycobiome structure and relationships with the bacteriome have been studied to identify a mycobiotic signature. This review aimed to emphasize the latest knowledge of the oral mycobiome.

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“…To determine the medium where C. maltosa formed thicker biofilms, we tested the following media: Lee medium (Lee et al, 1975;Q. Zhang et al, 2015), Lee medium supplemented with 1.25% glucose, Spider medium with 1% mannitol, glucose or xylose as carbon source, cornmeal liquid medium (prepared from cornmeal medium in cold water and filtering insoluble components before autoclaving) (Gupta et al, 2019), and minimum media at pH 4.5. Based on the qualitative inspection of biofilms in the different media, we employed Spider with 1% glucose to determine biomass dry weight of the efg1 mutant.…”

Section: In Vitro Determination Of Biofilm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic modification ofCandida maltosa, a nonpathogenic CTG species, revealsEFG1function

Chávez-Tinoco,

García-Ortega,

Mancera

2023

Preprint

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Candida maltosais closely related to important pathogenicCandidaspecies, but it has been rarely isolated from humans. Therefore, through comparative studies, it could be a powerful model to understand the pathogenicity underpinnings ofCandidaspecies. To facilitate studyingC. maltosaat a molecular level, we built a cohesive genomic sequence composed of 45 scaffolds, a substantial improvement from the thousands of contigs of the available draft. Comparison withC. albicansandC. tropicalisrevealed a reduction in the total number of genes inC. maltosa. However, gene loss seems not to be associated to its avirulence given that most pathogenicity genes were also present inC. maltosa. To genetically editC. maltosawe generated triple auxotrophic strains so that gene deletions can be performed as has been routinely done in pathogenic species. As a proof of concept, we generated gene knockouts of Efg1, a transcription regulator involved in filamentation and biofilm formation in pathogenic species. Although inC. maltosaEfg1 also played a role in these processes, it seems to rather be a repressor of filamentation. The genome assembly and auxotrophic mutants developed are a key step to start usingC. maltosafor comparative studies at a molecular level.

show abstract

Identification of Candida albicans using different culture media and its association in leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Genetic modification of Candida maltosa, a non-pathogenic CTG species, reveals EFG1 function

Genetic modification of Candida maltosa, a non-pathogenic CTG species, reveals EFG1 function

Oral Mycobiota: A Narrative Review

Genetic modification ofCandida maltosa, a nonpathogenic CTG species, revealsEFG1function

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