Identification of cancer risk lncRNAs and cancer risk pathways regulated by cancer risk lncRNAs based on genome sequencing data in human cancers

Abstract

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. The complexity of cancer can be reduced to a small number of underlying principles like cancer hallmarks which could govern the transformation of normal cells to cancer. Besides, the growth and metastasis of cancer often relate to combined effects of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Here, we performed comprehensive analysis for lncRNA expression profiles and clinical data of six types of human cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and identified six risk pathways and twenty three lncRNAs. In addition, twenty three cancer risk lncRNAs which were closely related to the occurrence or development of cancer had a good classification performance for samples of testing datasets of six cancer datasets. More important, these lncRNAs were able to separate samples in the entire cancer dataset into high-risk group and low-risk group with significantly different overall survival (OS), which was further validated in ten validation datasets. In our study, the robust and effective cancer biomarkers were obtained from cancer datasets which had information of normal-tumor samples. Overall, our research can provide a new perspective for the further study of clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

A novel lncRNA-focus expression signature for survival prediction in endometrial carcinoma

“…Although there is a rapid increase in the mapping of lncRNA loci, the elucidation of the biological role of novel lncRNAs is still in his infancy. From our literature review, we found that only one prognostic lncRNAs in the LFES, NRAV , has been found to express in numerous human tissues and identified as cancer-related lncRNA in bladder urothelial carcinoma, kidney chromophobe and kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma [ 32 ]. A previous study of NRAV showed that NRAV was dramatically down-regulated during infection with several viruses and was indicated as a critical regulator of innate immunity [ 33 ].…”

LncRNA LINC00668 promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion ability and EMT process in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting miR-532-5p/YY1 axis

“…Only 2% of human genome is protein-coding genes while 98% is non-coding genes [4], among which, those with at least 200 nucleotides in length are defined as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) [5]. Increasing evidence has proved lncRNAs play a rather crucial role in pathophysiological process including tumorigenesis [6][7][8][9][10]. LncRNAs regulate biological behaviors including cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell metastasis etc., during tumorigenesis [11][12][13].…”

Serum long noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1: A novel biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

“… 4 Previous studies have confirmed that lncRNAs play critical roles in tumorigenesis and cancer development. 5 Moreover, lncRNAs are detectable and relatively stable in cell-free body fluids, indicating great potential of circulating lncRNAs for biomarker applications. 6 In one study, for example, lncRNA H19 expression was upregulated in plasma samples from patients with gastric cancer and significantly associated with the TNM stage.…”