Identification of bullet entrance in different type of intermediate firearm wounds through micro-computed tomography analysis

Fais, Paolo; Giraudo, Chiara; Viero, Alessia; Amagliani, Alessandro; Viel, Guido; Montisci, Massimo; Miotto, Diego; Cecchetto, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/j.jofri.2015.07.004

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…5A, B). Moreover, not only it allows the distinction between gunshot wounds and other traumatic wounds as well as between the entrance from the exit hole, even if covered by textiles, but also among samples altered by putrefaction, fire or water [96][97][98][99].…”

Section: Gsr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic applications of micro-computed tomography: a systematic review

Franchetti

Viel

Fais

et al. 2022

Clin Transl Imaging

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Purpose The aim of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive overview of micro-CT current applications in forensic pathology, anthropology, odontology, and neonatology. Methods A bibliographic research on the electronic databases Pubmed and Scopus was conducted in the time frame 01/01/2001–31/12/2021 without any language restrictions and applying the following free-text search strategy: “(micro-computed tomography OR micro-CT) AND (forensic OR legal)”. The following inclusion criteria were used: (A) English language; (B) Application of micro-CT to biological and/or non-biological materials to address at least one forensic issue (e.g., age estimation, identification of post-mortem interval). The papers selected by three independent investigators have been then classified according to the investigated materials. Results The bibliographic search provided 651 records, duplicates excluded. After screening for title and/or abstracts, according to criteria A and B, 157 full-text papers were evaluated for eligibility. Ninety-three papers, mostly (64) published between 2017 and 2021, were included; considering that two papers investigated several materials, an overall amount of 99 classifiable items was counted when referring to the materials investigated. It emerged that bones and cartilages (54.55%), followed by teeth (13.13%), were the most frequently analyzed materials. Moreover, micro-CT allowed the collection of structural, qualitative and/or quantitative information also for soft tissues, fetuses, insects, and foreign materials. Conclusion Forensic applications of micro-CT progressively increased in the last 5 years with very promising results. According to this evidence, we might expect in the near future a shift of its use from research purposes to clinical forensic cases.

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Section: Gsr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic applications of micro-computed tomography: a systematic review

Franchetti

Viel

Fais

et al. 2022

Clin Transl Imaging

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“…Micro-CT has proven to be useful in forensic research in the areas of blunt force injuries [13], sharp force injuries [14][15][16], false start analysis [17][18][19][20], and ballistic analysis [21][22][23]. Case reports featuring this technology as part of live police investigations are limited with few notable exceptions in Baier and colleagues' work [24][25] on dismemberment and rib fractures, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages of micro‐CT in the case of a complex dismemberment

Alsop

Norman

Baier

et al. 2022

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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This case study reports the advantages of micro‐CT to aid the investigative process in a complex dismemberment case. Micro‐CT was successfully implemented to scan all skeletal remains of a dismembered female. The digital models were utilized to (i) screen for any further injuries not related to the dismemberment, (ii) provide measurements from false starts non‐destructively, and (iii) visually represent the evidence in a structured format in court to improve the understanding of the forensic evidence by the jury. Acquiring high‐resolution scans in this manner improved the efficiency of the forensic investigation by screening the remains and provided complementary toolmark evidence to the investigating team and forensic pathologist. A total of 14 false starts were identified along with the directionality of each dismemberment cut. Furthermore, the visual 3D representation of the remains in court provided a powerful tool to communicate this important evidence to the jury and form a prosecution narrative. As a forensic radiological method, micro‐CT provided valuable information both in the investigation and the court presentation.

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“…Even more recently, initial studies have explored the use of microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) to examine such cases in order to identify micro-fractures which might not be visible on medical CT or postmortem examination [7,8]. Micro-CT has proven successful in a number of different forensic applications such as toolmark analysis [9][10][11], gunshot wound analysis [12,13] and forensic entomology [14]. However, all of the existing literature on using micro-CT for laryngeal trauma analysis is based on casework; no comparative studies exist to date to the authors' knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using micro-computed tomography to examine the larynx in cases of suspected strangulation—a comparison of case findings and control images

et al. 2019

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The examination of strangulation is one of the most challenging causes of death diagnoses encountered in forensic pathology. The injuries are often subtle and difficult to detect, especially in cases that lack superficial marks. Fractures of the laryngeal skeleton are commonly regarded as evidence of strangulation but these can be too subtle to be detected during autopsy. Micro-CT is a novel imaging technique that achieves a spatial resolution 1 μm or less which lends itself to the examination of small and delicate structures such as the larynx. However, there is little information to date regarding the appearance of the larynx at this scale, thus complicating the interpretation of the micro-CT images. This study therefore uses micro-CT to examine ten larynges from strangulation deaths and to compare them to nineteen samples from donor individuals in order to distinguish between naturally occurring features and actual trauma. It was found that there are several features which mimic damage in the donor group. Using associated case information, initial trends and patterns of different strangulation methods were established.

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Identification of bullet entrance in different type of intermediate firearm wounds through micro-computed tomography analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Forensic applications of micro-computed tomography: a systematic review

Forensic applications of micro-computed tomography: a systematic review

Advantages of micro‐CT in the case of a complex dismemberment

Using micro-computed tomography to examine the larynx in cases of suspected strangulation—a comparison of case findings and control images

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