Identification of black pigments on prehistoric Southwest American potsherds by infrared and Raman microscopy

Weerd, Jaap van der; Smith, Gregory D.; Firth, Steven; Clark, Robin J. H.

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2004.03.008

Cited by 78 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The band at 1320 cm -1 has been shown to broaden and shift to higher wavenumbers as the material becomes less crystalline, and in highly disordered carbon the band at 1600 cm -1 can disappear completely. The very broad nature of the bands recorded on this sample indicates the presence of amorphous carbon [17]. The lack of the phosphate Raman band at 961 cm -1 [18] and of a phosphorus peak in the EDS spectra, indicates that the carbon used is derived originally from charred plant material instead of charred bone.…”

Section: Palacio Phase (900-1200 Ad)mentioning

confidence: 84%

The ceramics of Malpaís of Zacapu, Michoacán, Mexico, during the Early and Middle Postclassic periods (900–1450AD): Micro-chemical characterization of surface paintings

Jadot

Schiavon

Manso

2016

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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Tarascan ceramic sherds from two Postclassical archaeological sites (900-1450 AD) at the Malpaís of Zacapu, Michoacán, Mexico, were investigated by combining Back-Scattered Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (BSEM-EDS), μ-X-Ray Diffractometry (μ-XRD), μ-X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (μ-XRF) and μ-Raman Spectroscopy. These sherds are famous for their forms and decorations although the composition of its raw materials remains so far unknown and focused only on the composition of the ceramic paste. For the purpose of surface decoration characterization, the pigments used in slips and paintings were identified as hematite, magnetite, amorphous carbon, graphite and lignite. Furthermore chemical and molecular structure determination allowed the identification of technological aspects such as the firing temperatures and atmospheres used in ceramics production.

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Section: Palacio Phase (900-1200 Ad)mentioning

confidence: 84%

The ceramics of Malpaís of Zacapu, Michoacán, Mexico, during the Early and Middle Postclassic periods (900–1450AD): Micro-chemical characterization of surface paintings

Jadot

Schiavon

Manso

2016

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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“…More recently, the use of other spectroscopic techniques has been developed, among others micro-Raman spectroscopy [8,[17][18][19][20][21], X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) [15][16][17]21], X-ray absorption (XAS and XANES) [5,22], particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) [23] and laserinduced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) [24]. On the methodological side the interest in applying such spectroscopic techniques is mainly related to the possibility of a non-destructive and/or compound-specific analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A non-destructive spectroscopic study of the decoration of archaeological pottery: from matt-painted bichrome ceramic sherds (southern Italy, VIII-VII B.C.) to an intact Etruscan cinerary urn

Bruni

Guglielmi

Foglia

et al. 2018

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectros

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A study is presented based on the use of entirely non-destructive spectroscopic techniques to analyze the chemical composition of the painted surface layer of archaeological pottery. This study aims to define both the raw materials and the working technology of ancient potters. Energy-dispersive Xray analysis, micro-Raman spectroscopy, visible and near infrared (NIR) diffuse reflection spectroscopy and external reflection Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were applied to matt-painted bichrome pottery sherds (VIII-VII century B.C.) from the site of Incoronata near Metaponto in southern Italy. Two different raw materials, ochre and iron-rich clay, were recognized for the red decoration, while the dark areas resulted to have been obtained by the so-called manganese black technique. In any case, it was demonstrated that the decoration was applied before firing, in spite of its sometimes grainy aspect that could suggest a post-firing application. For the samples with a more sophisticated decorative pattern a red/black/white polychromy was recognized, as the lighter areas correspond to an "intentional white" obtained by the firing of a calcium-rich clay. Reflection spectroscopy in the visible-NIR and mid-IR as well as micro-Raman spectroscopy were then employed to characterize the decoration of an intact ceramic urn from the Etruscan town of Chiusi, evidencing a post-firing painting based on the use of red ochre, carbon black and lime, possibly imitating the "fresco" technique used in wall paintings.

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“…3b [33]. In a red/brown spot in the translucent blue sample, typical bands of an iron oxide structure (haematite, aFe 2 O 3 ) appear at 220, 289, 398 and 1317 cm -1 [34,35] as shown in Fig. 3c.…”

Section: Blue Tesseraementioning

confidence: 82%

Characterization of Roman glass tesserae from the Coriglia excavation site (Italy) via energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy

et al. 2016

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The combined use of handheld energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, and micro-energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry permitted the characterization of Roman glass tesserae excavation from the Coriglia (Italy) archeological site. Analyses of ten different glass colors were conducted as spot analyses on intact samples and as both spot analyses and line scans on select cross-sectioned samples. The elemental and molecular information gained from these spectral measurements allowed for the qualitative chemical characterization of the bulk glass, decolorants, opacifiers, and coloring agents. The use of an antimony opacifier in many of the samples supports the late Imperial phasing as determined through numismatic, fresco, ceramics, and architectural evidence. And dealinization of the exterior glass layers caused by the burial environment was confirmed.

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Identification of black pigments on prehistoric Southwest American potsherds by infrared and Raman microscopy

Cited by 78 publications

References 26 publications

The ceramics of Malpaís of Zacapu, Michoacán, Mexico, during the Early and Middle Postclassic periods (900–1450AD): Micro-chemical characterization of surface paintings

The ceramics of Malpaís of Zacapu, Michoacán, Mexico, during the Early and Middle Postclassic periods (900–1450AD): Micro-chemical characterization of surface paintings

A non-destructive spectroscopic study of the decoration of archaeological pottery: from matt-painted bichrome ceramic sherds (southern Italy, VIII-VII B.C.) to an intact Etruscan cinerary urn

Characterization of Roman glass tesserae from the Coriglia excavation site (Italy) via energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy

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