Identification of betaine as an osmolyte in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells)

Zhang, F; Warskulat, Ulrich; Wettstein, Matthias; Häussinger, Dieter

doi:10.1053/gast.1996.v110.pm8613062

Cited by 87 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…As for controls, a hypoosmotic (205 mosmol/1) challenge induced the release of about 60% of the betaine contained inside the cells (Fig. 2), in line with the role of betaine as an organic osmolyte in these cells [10]. These findings show that not only hypoosmotic stress but also induction of phagocytosis stimulates the efflux of betaine from liver macrophages.…”

Section: Phagocytosis and Betaine Transport In Kupffer Cellssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The uptake of betaine by control and latex-treated Kupffer cells was assessed as described previously [10,11]. In brief, Kupffer cells were incubated in 0.5 ml of Krebs-Henseleit buffer with [x4C]betaine (10 I.tmol/1, 0.5 gCi/ml) for 2 h at 37°C.…”

Section: Uptake and Efflux Of Betainementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thereafter, the cells were harvested with 1 ml 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and aliquots were taken for liquid scintillation counting and protein determination (Bio-Rad protein assay, Bio-Rad Labs., Hercules, USA) with bovine serum albumin as standard. As shown previously by HPLC analysis, betaine was not metabolized by Kupffer cells [10] and the radioactivity recovered was assumed to reflect betaine, the intracellular amount of which was calculated on the basis of the specific radioactivity of added betaine.…”

Section: Uptake and Efflux Of Betainementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Betaine efltux was measured as described previously [10,11]. In brief, Kupffer cells were preincubated for 12 h in hyperosmotic bicarbonate-buffered Krebs-Henseleit saline (405 mosmol/1, being prepared by addition of 50 mmol/l NaC1) in Cluster 24 dishes (Costar, Cambridge, USA), in order to induce betaine transport activity.…”

Section: Uptake and Efflux Of Betainementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Osmolytes need to be non-perturbing solutes that do not interfere with protein function even when occurring in high intracellular concentrations (for reviews see [12][13][14]). The functional significance of hyperosmolarity-induced betaine accumulation in Kupffer cells is suggested by the fact that betaine was shown to suppress the hyperosmolarity-induced stimulation of prostaglandin formation and Cox-2 expression [10]. Thus, osmolyte availability and BGT-1 expression are another site of regulation of Kupffer cell function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of phagocytosis by anisoosmolarity and betaine in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) and RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages

1996

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Section: Phagocytosis and Betaine Transport In Kupffer Cellssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Uptake and Efflux Of Betainementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Uptake and Efflux Of Betainementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Uptake and Efflux Of Betainementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of phagocytosis by anisoosmolarity and betaine in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) and RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages

1996

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Neural control of hepatic osmolytes and parenchymal cell hydration

Häussinger

2004

Anat. Rec.

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Liver cell function is strongly influenced by cell hydration and osmolyte content via osmosensing and osmosignaling pathways. Electrical stimulation of hepatic nerves increases the hepatocellular hydration state via an ␣-adrenergic mechanism, promotes taurine release from parenchymal cells and myo-inositol release from hepatic stellate cells. Although changes in liver cell hydration and osmolyte content are known regulators of liver cell function, the functional relevance and integration of nerve-stimulationdependent alterations of liver cell volume and osmolyte content in the overall hepatic response to towards signals from the nervous system remains to be established.

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Compatible organic osmolytes in rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells

Weik¹,

Warskulat²,

Bode³

et al. 1998

Hepatology

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Compatible organic osmolytes, such as betaine and taurine are involved in the regulation of Kupffer cell (KC) function, but nothing is known about osmolytes in liver endothelial cells. This was investigated here by studying the effect of aniso-osmotic exposure of rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC) on osmolyte transport and the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for the transport systems for betaine (BGT1), taurine (TAUT), and myo-inositol (SMIT). Compared with normo-osmotic exposure (305 mosmol/L), hyperosmotic exposure (405 mosmol/L) of SEC led to an increase in the mRNA levels for these transport systems and simultaneously to a stimulation of betaine, taurine, and myo-inositol uptake, which led to an increase of cell volume. Conversely, hypo-osmotic exposure decreased osmolyte uptake. When hyperosmotically pre-exposed SEC were loaded with betaine, taurine, or myoinositol, hypo-osmotic stress stimulated the efflux of these osmolytes from the cells. Studies on osmolyte tissue levels revealed that taurine was an important compatible organic osmolyte under normo-osmotic conditions and predominantly released following hypo-osmotic stress. Conversely, following hyperosmotic exposure, the increase in cellular betaine and myo-inositol exceeded that of taurine. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated SEC, hyperosmotic exposure markedly raised the mRNA levels for cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), but not for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The increase of COX-2 mRNA levels was counteracted by betaine and taurine and, to a lesser extent, by myo-inositol. The findings indicate that SEC use taurine, betaine, and myo-inositol as compatible organic osmolytes.

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Identification of betaine as an osmolyte in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells)

Cited by 87 publications

References 2 publications

Modulation of phagocytosis by anisoosmolarity and betaine in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) and RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages

Modulation of phagocytosis by anisoosmolarity and betaine in rat liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) and RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages

Neural control of hepatic osmolytes and parenchymal cell hydration

Compatible organic osmolytes in rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells

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